Legislation And protocols Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the problem with laws to protect endangered species

A

difficult to enforce and may be broken through ignorance

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2
Q

When did the wildlife and countryside act come about

A

1981

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3
Q

What area does the wildlife and countryside act cover

A

United Kingdom

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4
Q

What sort of things are included in the wildlife and countryside act

A

Uprooting of wild plants with made illegal
Protection of wild birds and their nests
Possession of mammal species such as otters is illegal

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5
Q

What are the several key ways in which legal designation can protect habitats and species

A

Protection of species;
Protection of habitats;
Restrictions on activities within the protected area;
restrictions on activities outside the protected area;
management agreements between the landowner and designated organisation;
Access restrictions
international cooperation

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6
Q

Name Examples of designated areas

A

Site of special scientific interest
National nature reserve
Special area of conservation
Special protection area
Natura of 2000 sites
Ramsar sites
Marine nature reserve
Local nature reserve
Marine protected area
Marine conservation zone

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7
Q

How many appendixes CITES

A

Two appendixes

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8
Q

What does appendix one of CITES take into account

A

Include species are threatened with extinction all international treaties banned except movement for conservation breeding programs

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9
Q

What does appendix 2 of CITES cover

A

Include species that may be threatened with extinction if trade is not closely control trade allowed from areas of surplus population

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10
Q

What sort of trade is allowed under appendix 2

A

Trade is permitted from countries where the species is relatively well protected so limited exploitation does not threaten the survival

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11
Q

What is the IWC

A

International whaling commission

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12
Q

What is the main aim of the IWC

A

Regulate and manage whaling 

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13
Q

Why was whaling banned in 1986

A

Populations have been so depleted by unregulated whaling 

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14
Q

What needs to happen for Whaling to be unbanned 

A

When the Populations have recovered enough to be able to withstand commercial whaling

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15
Q

How does the IWC regulate whaling

A

Total protection for certain species
Designation of whale sanctuaries
Setting limits on number and size of Whales that can be caught
Protection of suckling mothers and their calves
 carrying out research into whale biology and activities that threaten whales such as ship strikes and entanglement with fishing nets

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16
Q

When does the IWC allow whale exploitation

A

Aboriginal subsistence
Special permit Whaling or scientific whaling
Commercial whaling

17
Q

Why do the IWC allow exploitation for aboriginals subsistence

A

Permitted cultural groups that have traditionally hunted whales for food I.e. the Inuit of Alaska

18
Q

How many whales are the Inuit of Alaska allowed to catch

A

55 bowhead whales each year

19
Q

Why is scientific or special permit whaling allowed

A

Involves killing Wales for scientific research Japan use this approach but it was declared it wasn’t for scientific research

20
Q

Where is commercial fishing allowed (whales)

A

I see the Norway use in IWC regulation to set their own quota for commercial whaling

21
Q

What is the EU CFP

A

Common fishery policy of the European Union

22
Q

What is the Common fisheries policy for the European Union

A

Series of regulations I control fishing within the territorial waters of the European Union

23
Q

What is the aim of the EU CFP

A

Insure that fishing in agriculture environmentally, economically and socially sustainable to allow a healthy food source for EU citizens

24
Q

What does regulation typically cover for the EUCFP

A

Catch quotas
Size limits
Net mesh size
A ban on discarding unwanted fish

25
Q

What does the ITTO stand for

A

International tropical Timber organisation

26
Q

What’s the aim of the ITTO

A

Encourage sustainable management of tropical rainforest

27
Q

What were the ITTO attempting 

A

By 2000 they wanted the international trade of timber to come from sustainably manage forests however this was unsuccessful