Lecture One /Two Flashcards
The basic human embryo is a
tube in a tube
The basic human embryo is a “tube in a tube” is seperated by?
by a fluid filled space – the coelom
SOMATOPLEURE
The outer body shell, is separated from the inner gut tube
SPLANCHNOPLEURE
is separated from the inner gut tube, by the coelom
Foregut, Unpaired Abdominal Artery
Celiac Artery
Foregut,Unpaired Hepatic Portal Vein
Splenic Vein
Foregut,Sympathetic Nerve
Greater Splanchnic Nerve (T5-9)
Foregut,Sympathetic Ganglion
Celiac Ganglion
Foregut,Parasympathetic Nerve
Vagus (X)
Midgut,Unpaired Abdominal Artery
Superior Mesenteric Artery
Midgut,Unpaired Hepatic Portal Vein
Superior Mesenteric Vein
Midgut,Sympathetic Nerve
Lesser Splanchnic Nerve (T10-11)
Midgut,Sympathetic Ganglion
Superior Mesenteric Ganglion
Midgut,Parasympathetic Nerve
Vagus (X)
Hindgut,Unpaired Abdominal Artery
Inferior Mesenteric Artery
HindgutUnpaired Hepatic Portal Vein
Inferior Mesenteric Vein
HindgutSympathetic Nerve
Lesser & Least Splanchnic nn. + Lumbar Splanchnics (T10-L2)
HindgutSympathetic Ganglion
Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion
Hindgut,Parasympathetic Nerve
Caudal Outflow
S2-4
COMPONENTS OF EMBRYONIC MIDGUT
Jejunum and Ileum of small intestine
Appendix
Ascending Colon
Transverse Colon (up to LEFT COLIC FLEXURE)
Most of the internal organs are surrounded by
visceral peritioneum – the INTRAPERITONEAL condition
describe the RETROPERITONEAL condition
Some organs (e.g. kidneys) are between peritoneum on one surface, and the body wall on the other
what are the structures within the pelvis
End of digestive system
Female reproductive organs
Bladder
Ducts to, and exiting from, bladder
COMPONENTS OF EMBRYONIC HINDGUT
Including and through to:
Descending Colon
Sigmoid Colon
(through to) Rectum
Know embryology
watch youtube videos, know how to draw it
neural crest ectoderm gives rise to?
? back bone
notocord gets REPLACED
by veterbral colomn
mesoderm
q
ecotderm
skin/nervous tissue
endoderm
q
what are somites?
muscles, bone sides of notocord and DHNT
parietal periotenum vs. visceral periotenum
mesodermal lining, outer shell=parietal visceral=lining guts
lungs are part of the digestive system
bc its connected to your mouth
Abdomen and Thorax(heart lungs) separated by
DIAPHRAGM-muscular sheath, helps you breath,
the abdominal caviety
has no musular defined partition
brooke of your illium, (top of hipbone is)?
boundary of pelvic region
three regions of the digestive system
Thorax
Abdomen
Pelvis/Perineum
where is the DIAPHRAGM derived from?
cervical hypaxial musculature (why scalene muscles are all that is left of lateral hypaxial musculature of neck)
the diaphragm is innervated from?
by Right and Left Phrenic Neve (C3,4,5)
diaphragm used to be
in your neck, then it got ripped away as the lungs developed and got pushed into place
C 3,4,5
keeps diaphragm alive
why can you breath even if you break your neck
jj
diaprhagm
is not perfectly shaped
COELOM
Filled with coelomic fluid
MESENTARY
bi-layer of mesodermally derived material that connects to dorsal or ventral midline to suspend gut internally
PARIETAL PLEURA
serial homolog of parietal peritoneum in thorax.
VISCERAL PLEURA
serial homolog of visceral peritoneum in thorax.
NECK and THORAX and MAJOR COMPONENTS OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
name them
Lungs Bronchi Trachea Pharynx Nasal Pharynx Oral Pharynx Common Pharynx
COMPONENTS OF EMBRYONIC FOREGUT
Including and up to:
Stomach Duodenum (first bend of small intestine) Liver Gall bladder Pancreas
Pancreas originally two separate lobes explain
(ventral part of hepatic diverticulum, dorsal independent.
Rotation brings ______ tail and ventral components of ______ together.
dorsal pancreas
Hepatic Diverticulum
know anatomy- listen to the lecture
The hepatic diverticulum (or liver bud) is a primordial cellular extension of the embryonic foregut endoderm that gives rise to the parenchyma of the liver.
As elongate midgut exits, it rotates ___ degrees counterclockwise about the ________ _________ _______
90, superior mesenteric artery
As elongate midgut re-enters, it rotates 180 degrees
counterclockwise about the Superior Mesenteric Artery.
COMPONENTS OF EMBRYONIC MIDGUT
Including and up to:
Jejunum and Ileum of small intestine
Appendix
Ascending Colon
Transverse Colon (up to LEFT COLIC FLEXURE)
Hepatic Portal Vein and Its
Tributaries
inf mesenstic, sup mesenteric, splenic vein
Most of the internal organs are surrounded by visceral peritioneum what condition?
the INTRAPERITONEAL condition.
Some organs (e.g. kidneys) are between peritoneum on one surface, and the body wall on the other what condition?
the RETROPERITONEAL condition
STRUCTURES WITHIN THE PELVIS
name
End of digestive system
Female reproductive organs
Bladder
Ducts to, and exiting from, bladder
pyloric sphincter
The pyloric sphincter is a thin, circular band of visceral muscle surrounding the pyloric opening at the inferior end of the stomach. It is found at the border of the stomach’s final segment, the pylorus, and the small intestine’s first segment, the duodenum..
The greater omentum
is a large apron-like fold of visceral peritoneum that hangs down from the stomach. It extends from the greater curvature of the stomach, passing in front of the small intestines and reflects on itself to ascend to the transverse colon before reaching to the posterior abdominal wall. The greater omentum is larger than the lesser omentum which hangs down from the liver to the lesser curvature.
heaptic portal vein
is the system of veins comprising the hepatic portal vein and its tributaries. It is also called the portal venous system, although it is not the only example of a portal venous system, and splanchnic veins, which is not synonymous with hepatic portal system and is imprecise
bile duct
the duct that conveys bile from the liver and the gallbladder to the duodenum.
left colic flexture
The splenic (or left colic) flexure is a sharp bend between the transverse and the descending colon in the left upper quadrant of humans. The left colic flexure is near the spleen, and hence called the splenic flexure. There are two colic flexures in the transverse colon — the other being the hepatic flexure, as it is next to the liver, in the right upper quadrant.
more info about stuff
The ventral mesentery forms the lesser omentum, and is attached to the developing liver. In the adult, these connective structures of omentum and mesentery form the peritoneum, and act as an insulating and protective layer while also supplying organs with blood and lymph vessels as well as nerves.
liver
develops in ventral mesentary,filter all of the blood you absorb goes to liver first, endodermal cells will make the liver growing of liver splits mesentary
faliciform ligament
part of ventral mesentary, above liver, attached to body wall, still attaches to part of old ventral margin of liver and body wall has been streatched to right
less omentun
part of gut and liver called lesser omentum
mesentarys never
deaatch from their original connections
lesser omentrum
runs between liver and gut tube, never change attachments ever ever changes from vertical to horizontal never deattaches
greater omentum
overgrows, no longer suspends guts The greater omentum (also the great omentum, omentum majus, gastrocolic omentum, epiploon, or, especially in animals, caul) is a large apron-like fold of visceral peritoneum that hangs down from the stomach. overstretches into a big floppy bag- primary reason: attached to guts/stomach mostly, put lots of bad stuff full of immune system components lots of lymphatic tissue
epiolic foramen
The epiploic foramen (also called the foramen of Winslow) is a passage between the greater (general peritoneal space) and lesser sac (omental bursa) allowing communication between these two spaces.
stomach between liver
lesser omen
midgut
in the region of the midgut because of the umbelical hernia the ventral mesentary is lost
Retroperitoneal
components of
abdominal cavity
Retroperitoneal
components of
abdominal cavity
digestive
esophagus (thoracic part, part inside abdominal cavity is intraperitoneal)
rectum (part, lower third is extraperitoneal)
