Lecture I Flashcards
What is physiology?
study of the function of the body(cells doing their jobs)
What building blocks are all cells made of?
-carbohydrates
-lipids
-proteins
-nucleic acids
What do carbohydrates do?
provide fuel to produce energy
What do proteins do?
do cellular work
What do lipids do?
form membranes
What do nucleic acids(DNA/RNA) do?
they are the blueprints
Skeletal muscle contracts to provide…?
mechanical force
What do all living cells maintain?
an electrical charge
Neurons conduct ____ _____ throughout the body.
electrical impulses
Skeletal muscle contracts due to…?
neurons activating the skeletal muscle
What is anatomy?
the study of structure(what does it look like)
What a structure can do depends on its…?
specific form
What are the levels of structural organization?
- chemical(atoms, molecules, and organelles)
- cellular
- tissue
- organ(contains two or more types of tissues)
- organ system
- organism
What are the levels of structural organization?(in depth)
- atoms
- molecule
- organelle
- cellular level
- tissue level
- organ level
- organ system level
- organismal level
What are the necessary life functions?
- maintain boundaries
- movement
- responsiveness
- digestion
- metabolism
- dispose of waste
- reproduction
- growth
In order for a cell to do their job, they require…?
Oxygen
Glucose(or other metabolic fuel)
ATP(cellular energy)
What systems deliver oxygen, glucose, and ATP to the cells of the body?
The digestive, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems
Muscle and nerve cells require a steady supply of…?
glucose and oxygen
Integumentary System
forms the external body covering and protects deeper tissues from injury; skin, nails, and hair
Skeletal System
protects and supports body organs, and provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement. Blood cells are formed within bones. Bones store minerals and are constantly remodeling themselves.
Muscular System
allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression. Maintains posture and produces heat.
Nervous System
as the fast acting control system of the body, it responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands
Endocrine System
glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use(metabolism) by body cells
Cardiovascular System
blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc. The heart pumps blood
Lymphatic System/Immunity
picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood. Disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream
Respiratory System
Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide.
Digestive System
Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells.
Urinary System
Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood.
What do we need for survival?
-Nutrients
-Oxygen
-Water
-Normal body temp(98.6F or 36C)
-Appropriate atmospheric pressure
