Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nutrition and Physical Performance > Lecture H > Flashcards

Lecture H Flashcards

1
Q

Factors impacting fuel choice during exercise

A 
Exercise intensity
Diet
Training
Body Composition
Gender
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Training increase —-oxidation

A

Fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Training decrease —-oxidation

A

CHO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

For events lasting < 10 sec which muscle types are more recruited

A

Type II muscle fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

For events lasting < 10 sec what is the primary energy source

A

Anaerobic

Phosphocreatine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In events lasting 10-180 sec

At 10 s

A

70% of energy supplied is a aerobically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In events lasting 10-180

At 180 S

A

60% supplied energy is aerobically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Events lasting 10–180 seconds primary energy source

A

Anaerobic glycolysis

• Results in elevated lactate levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Events lasting 3–20 minutes

At 30 min

A

60% ATP generated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Events lasting 3–20 minutes

At 20 min

A

90% ATP generated aerobically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What type of muscles are required Events lasting 3–20 minutes

A

Type II fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Events lasting 3–20 minutes

Limiting factors

A

Altitude

Anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Events lasting 21–60 minutes

Predominantly

A

Aerobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Events lasting 21–60 minutes ?% Vo2 max

A

90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Environmental factors that are important in Events lasting 21–60 minutes

A

Heat
Humidity
State of hydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

T/F

Events lasting 1–4 hours diet and fluid ingestion influence performance

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

3 factors determine the extent of the physiological and metabolic adaptations to training:

A

OVERLOAD
SPECIFICITY
REVERSIBILITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Overload

A

adaptations occur only if training level > habitual level on frequent basis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Specificity

A

train for appropriate adaptations: Strength? Speed? Endurance?
use the muscles that are required

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Reversibility

A

after only a few days of detraining, significant losses in metabolic
and work capacity are evident

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the proteins that generate force

A

Actin

Myosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

training aimed at increasing muscle content of these proteins

A

Actin

Myosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

At low intensity what type of fibers are recruited

A

Type I only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

T/F

continued recruitment of Type I without exhaustion will not impact Type II

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Ways to get positive adaptations in Type II fibers

A
  • -increase intensity
  • -high velocity of movement
  • -fatigue/damage Type 1 by prior exercise
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

For hypertrophy to occur:

A
  • -increased rate of protein synthesis
  • -decreased rate of protein degradation
  • -combination of both
  • -diet supplements?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

T/F

Increase in force production happens before hypertrophy

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Goals for training for speed

A

Increase muscle mass
Reaction time
Anaerobic capacity

29
Q

T/F

Sprint training does NOT increase ATP or PCr concentrations in muscle

A

T

30
Q

T/F

Sprint training DOES increase muscle mass, so more total store of PCr is available to generate anaerobic power

A

T

31
Q

T/F

sprint training increases PFK levels
sprint training increases buffering capacity of muscle

A

T, T

32
Q

Why does sprint training increase buffering capacity of muscles

A

Probably due to selective hypertrophy of Type II muscles (glycolytic)

33
Q

T/f

Sprint training increases muscle enzyme activity

A

T

34
Q

6 second sprints

A

no change in enzyme activity

35
Q

30 second sprints

A

significant increase in CK and myokinase

36
Q

Effect of significant increase in CK and myokinase

A

Increased anaerobic capacity

37
Q

T/F

Under conditions of extreme exercise intensity; very small contribution to total ATP production;

A

T

38
Q

Goal for training for middle distance

A

Increase anaerobic capacity
Increase capacity for lactate production
Increase tolerance to lactate

39
Q

To increase production of lactate, must increase rate of

A

Glycolysis

40
Q

3 enzymes that increase significantly in response to 30 second sprint

A

glycogen phosphorylase
PFK1
lactate dehydrogenase

41
Q

What is required to promote tolerance of lactate and other byproducts of glycolysis

A

Buffering capacity

42
Q

Buffering capacity significantly improved with

A

intense anaerobic conditioning:
8 weeks intense training: 40-50% increase buffering capacity
↑↑ capacity to perform high intensity
exercise

43
Q

Name some extracellular buffers

A 
Phosphates 
Carnosine
Bicarbonate 
Albumin 
Hgb
44
Q

Goal for Training for Endurance

A

cardiovascular and metabolic adaptations to training must increase capacity for fuel oxidation

  • -increase aerobic capacity
  • -increase supply of oxygen to muscles
45
Q

T/F

succinate dehydrogenase levels directly correlate to oxygen uptake)

A

T

46
Q

Training for Endurance

Muscles adapt by increasing

A

Size and number of mitochondria

47
Q

Training for Endurance

One of moist important adaptations

A

rate of delivery of FFA into muscle impacted by ↑ capillary density and plasma concentrations of FFA

48
Q

Rate of delivery of FFA into muscles impacted by

A
  1. Increase capillary density

2. Plasma concentrations of FFA

49
Q

Enzyme responsible for FA transport

A

Carnitine acetyl transferase

50
Q

Enzyme responsible for FA oxidation

A

Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase

51
Q

What are the molecular mechanisms that permit these adaptations?

A

Stretching
Damage
Protein specificity

52
Q

Protein is a ——to adaptation

A

Potent stimulus

53
Q

Passive stretching induces

A

Muscle enlargement even in absence of interaction, insulin, GH or adequate nutrition

54
Q

Direct or membrane bound stretch

A

Activates ion channels or

Activates stretch induce alterations in plasma membrane associate molecules ( adenylate cyclase )

55
Q

Damage to muscle fibers releases

A

Muscle specific Growth factor

56
Q

Damage to muscle fibers reduces

A

Contact inhibition between satellite cells

57
Q

Damage to muscle fibers results in

A

Satellite cell proliferation during 1st day following muscle injury

58
Q

CHO beverage BEFORE and DURING match

A

Will Spare glycogen

59
Q

Use of CHO drinks allowed athletes to cover

A

25% more ground

60
Q

For short duration, high intensity what is CHO requirement

A

10 g CHO/kg during 24 hr recovery period

61
Q

rate of glycogen resynthesis much faster following

A

high intensity training than endurance training (2-4 times greater)

62
Q

Why is rate of glycogen resynthesis much faster following high intensity training than endurance training ?

A

probably due to increased glucose and insulin in plasma and higher lactate and more glycogen synthase because of greater proportion of Type II fibers

63
Q

Below what level of CHO consumption performance suffers in swimmers

A

400 g/day

64
Q

For LONG DURATION/MODERATE INTENSITY what is the CHO need

A

45-75 g/hr

Can combine liquid and solid

65
Q

T/F?

LONG DURATION/MODERATE INTENSITY feeding CHO DURING events > 1 hr increase performance

A

T

66
Q

Protein needs for LONG DURATION/MODERATE INTENSITY

A

1.4 g/kg

67
Q

Increase in protein need is due to

A

trauma of repeated muscular

contractions (especially eccentric contractions)

68
Q

T/F

In long duration, high intensity exercise protein need increased in spite of lack of muscle hypertrophy

A

T

Nutrition and Physical Performance (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions