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Anatomy > Lecture Exam Pearson Prep > Flashcards

Lecture Exam Pearson Prep Flashcards

1
Q

In order to prevent self-digestion of the pancreas, activation of pancreatic proteases occurs in the __________.

  	liver
  	stomach
  	pancreas
  	gallbladder
  	duodenum
A

Duodenum

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2
Q

During deglutition, the bolus passes into the stomach from the esophagus through the __________.

  	gastroesophageal sphincter
  	esophageal sphincter
  	pyloric sphincter
  	urethral sphincter
  	ileocecal valve
A

Gastroesophageal Sphincter

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3
Q

During the intestinal phase of gastric regulation, __________.

the enterogastric reflex is turned off
the stomach is initially stimulated and later inhibited
the gastroenteric reflex reduces stomach activity
secretin causes more HCl release
hormones reduce chief cell activity

A

the stomach is initially stimulated and later inhibited

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4
Q

Protective collections of lymphocytes and macrophages are found in __________.

  	Peyer's patches
  	the muscularis mucosae
  	the muscularis externa
  	the intestinal crypts
  	the gastric pits
A

Peyers Patches

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5
Q

What is the main organic molecule digested in the stomach?

  	proteins
  	lipids
  	nucleic acids
  	sugars
  	carbohydrates
A

Proteins

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6
Q

The propulsive function that occurs in the esophagus is called __________.

  	peristalsis
  	defecation
  	ingestion
  	swallowing
  	segmentation
A

peristalsis

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7
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic of the large intestine?

It is the site for acid neutralization.
It provides no absorptive function.
It has villi.
It is longer than the small intestine.
It contains a large number of bacteria.

A

it contains a large number of bacteria

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8
Q

Which sequence below represents the correct layering of the wall of the GI tract, starting from the layer next to the lumen?

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
submucosa, mucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
serosa, mucosa, muscularis externa, submucosa
muscularis externa, serosa, submucosa, mucosa
mucosa, muscularis externa, submucosa, serosa

A

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa

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9
Q

What substances from different organs would mix together at the hepatopancreatic ampulla?

bile and pancreatic enzymes
brush border enzymes and intrinsic factor
HCl and pepsin
secretin and CCK

A

bile and pancreatic enzymes

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10
Q

What would be the effect of stripping the small intestines of their villi?

The large intestine would take over as the primary absorptive site.
Greater absorption of nutrients would occur.
Decreased surface area for absorption would cause weight loss to occur.
A duodenal ulcer would develop.

A

decreased surface area for absorption

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11
Q

Which of the following products does the stomach produce?

mucous and amylase
HCl and intrinsic factor
pepsinogen and secretin
bile and trypsin

A

HCl and intrinsic factor

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12
Q

The final product of carbohydrate digestion is __________.

glycogen
disaccharides
polysaccharides
monosaccharides

A

monosaccharides

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13
Q

Which of the following cells produce HCl?

  	mucous cells
  	G cells
  	parietal cells
  	chief cells
  	enteroendocrine cells
A

Parietal Cells

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14
Q

Which of the following cells produce pepsinogen?

  	enteroendocrine cells
  	parietal cells
  	G cells
  	mucous cells
  	chief cells
A

Chief Cells

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15
Q

The digestive system in a cadaver is longer than in a living person because, in a cadaver, there is NO __________.

muscle tone
nervous system influence
digestion taking place
food in the tube

A

muscle tone

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16
Q

__________ is the major means of propulsion in the digestive system.

Defecation
Ingestion
Peristalsis
Mechanical digestion

A

peristalsis

17
Q

The short reflexes in the digestive system are stimulated by __________.

higher brain centers
the sympathetic system
the enteric nerve plexuses
the parasympathetic system

A

the enteric nerve plexuses

18
Q

Which of the following statements about the mesentery is INCORRECT?

It provides a route for blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves to reach the digestive viscera.
It holds the organs of the abdomen in place.
It is composed of a layer of serous membrane fused with a layer of mucus membrane.
Omenta is the special name for part of the mesentery.

A

It is composed of a layer of serous membrane fused with a layer of mucus membrane.

19
Q

Which of the following is the most common cause of peritonitis?

a perforating abdominal wound
a ruptured pancreatic cyst
a perforating ulcer of the stomach
a burst appendix

A

a burst appendix

20
Q

The myxovirus causes __________.

irritable bowel syndrome
mumps
measles
infectious mononucleosis

A

mumps

21
Q

Halitosis is caused by __________.

loss of teeth
lack of amylase in saliva
increased activity of anaerobic bacterial activity at the back of the tongue
increased salivation

A

increased activity of anaerobic bacterial activity at the back of the tongue

22
Q

Which of the following teeth are most commonly impacted?

wisdom teeth
baby teeth
premolars
deciduous teeth

A

wisdom teeth

23
Q

Which of the following conditions is directly associated with an increased risk for heart disease and stroke?

dental caries
periodontitis
gingivitis
impacted wisdom teeth

A

periodontitis

24
Q

The only stomach function that is essential to life is __________.

the secretion of intrinsic factor
the secretion of pepsinogen
mechanical digestion
the presence of HCl

A

the secretion of intrinsic factor

25
Q

Some aspects of the __________ phase of gastric secretion may be considered conditioned reflexes.

gastric
intestinal
esophageal
cephalic

A

cephalic

26
Q

Which of the following intestinal hormones is NOT an enterogastrone?

vasoactive intestinal peptide
cholecystokinin
gastrin
secretin

A

gastrin

27
Q

Hollow muscular organs, like the stomach, that act as reservoirs exhibit __________.

peristalsis
positive feedback
plasticity
receptive relaxation

A

plasticity

28
Q

Many of the early food allergies seen in infants are caused by __________.

absorption of whole proteins
excessive absorption of fat
lactase deficiency
gallstones

A

absorption of whole proteins

29
Q

Which of the following is a condition that affects the large intestine that is NOT explained by anatomical or biochemical abnormalities?

celiac disease
irritable bowel syndrome
a hiatal hernia
pernicious anemia

A

irritable bowel syndrome

Anatomy (17 decks)

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