Lecture Exam Pearson Prep Flashcards
In order to prevent self-digestion of the pancreas, activation of pancreatic proteases occurs in the __________.
liver stomach pancreas gallbladder duodenum
Duodenum
During deglutition, the bolus passes into the stomach from the esophagus through the __________.
gastroesophageal sphincter esophageal sphincter pyloric sphincter urethral sphincter ileocecal valve
Gastroesophageal Sphincter
During the intestinal phase of gastric regulation, __________.
the enterogastric reflex is turned off
the stomach is initially stimulated and later inhibited
the gastroenteric reflex reduces stomach activity
secretin causes more HCl release
hormones reduce chief cell activity
the stomach is initially stimulated and later inhibited
Protective collections of lymphocytes and macrophages are found in __________.
Peyer's patches the muscularis mucosae the muscularis externa the intestinal crypts the gastric pits
Peyers Patches
What is the main organic molecule digested in the stomach?
proteins lipids nucleic acids sugars carbohydrates
Proteins
The propulsive function that occurs in the esophagus is called __________.
peristalsis defecation ingestion swallowing segmentation
peristalsis
Which of the following is a characteristic of the large intestine?
It is the site for acid neutralization.
It provides no absorptive function.
It has villi.
It is longer than the small intestine.
It contains a large number of bacteria.
it contains a large number of bacteria
Which sequence below represents the correct layering of the wall of the GI tract, starting from the layer next to the lumen?
mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
submucosa, mucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
serosa, mucosa, muscularis externa, submucosa
muscularis externa, serosa, submucosa, mucosa
mucosa, muscularis externa, submucosa, serosa
mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
What substances from different organs would mix together at the hepatopancreatic ampulla?
bile and pancreatic enzymes
brush border enzymes and intrinsic factor
HCl and pepsin
secretin and CCK
bile and pancreatic enzymes
What would be the effect of stripping the small intestines of their villi?
The large intestine would take over as the primary absorptive site.
Greater absorption of nutrients would occur.
Decreased surface area for absorption would cause weight loss to occur.
A duodenal ulcer would develop.
decreased surface area for absorption
Which of the following products does the stomach produce?
mucous and amylase
HCl and intrinsic factor
pepsinogen and secretin
bile and trypsin
HCl and intrinsic factor
The final product of carbohydrate digestion is __________.
glycogen
disaccharides
polysaccharides
monosaccharides
monosaccharides
Which of the following cells produce HCl?
mucous cells G cells parietal cells chief cells enteroendocrine cells
Parietal Cells
Which of the following cells produce pepsinogen?
enteroendocrine cells parietal cells G cells mucous cells chief cells
Chief Cells
The digestive system in a cadaver is longer than in a living person because, in a cadaver, there is NO __________.
muscle tone
nervous system influence
digestion taking place
food in the tube
muscle tone
__________ is the major means of propulsion in the digestive system.
Defecation
Ingestion
Peristalsis
Mechanical digestion
peristalsis
The short reflexes in the digestive system are stimulated by __________.
higher brain centers
the sympathetic system
the enteric nerve plexuses
the parasympathetic system
the enteric nerve plexuses
Which of the following statements about the mesentery is INCORRECT?
It provides a route for blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves to reach the digestive viscera.
It holds the organs of the abdomen in place.
It is composed of a layer of serous membrane fused with a layer of mucus membrane.
Omenta is the special name for part of the mesentery.
It is composed of a layer of serous membrane fused with a layer of mucus membrane.
Which of the following is the most common cause of peritonitis?
a perforating abdominal wound
a ruptured pancreatic cyst
a perforating ulcer of the stomach
a burst appendix
a burst appendix
The myxovirus causes __________.
irritable bowel syndrome
mumps
measles
infectious mononucleosis
mumps
Halitosis is caused by __________.
loss of teeth
lack of amylase in saliva
increased activity of anaerobic bacterial activity at the back of the tongue
increased salivation
increased activity of anaerobic bacterial activity at the back of the tongue
Which of the following teeth are most commonly impacted?
wisdom teeth
baby teeth
premolars
deciduous teeth
wisdom teeth
Which of the following conditions is directly associated with an increased risk for heart disease and stroke?
dental caries
periodontitis
gingivitis
impacted wisdom teeth
periodontitis
The only stomach function that is essential to life is __________.
the secretion of intrinsic factor
the secretion of pepsinogen
mechanical digestion
the presence of HCl
the secretion of intrinsic factor
