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Anatomy > Exam 3 deck 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 deck 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is not a connective tissue sheath that wraps individual muscle fibers?

A) perimysium
B) Endomysium
C) Epimysium
D) Aponeurosis

A

D aponeurosis

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2
Q

When a muscle is unable to respond to stimuli temporarily it is in which of the following periods?

A

Refractory period

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3
Q

The term aponeurosis refers to _______.

A

The sheet like indirect attachment to a skeletal element

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4
Q

The contractile units of skeletal muscles are ______.

A

Myofibrils

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5
Q

What is the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction?

A

Bind to regulatory sites on troponin to remove contraction inhibition

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6
Q

What is the most distinguishing characteristic of muscle tissues?

A

The ability to transform chemical energy into mechanical energy

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7
Q

During vigorous exercise there may be insufficient oxygen available to completely break down pyruvic acid for energy. As a result the pyretic acid is converted to ______.

A

Lactic acid

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8
Q

In an isotonic contraction the muscle _______.

A

Changes in length and moves the load

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9
Q

Muscle tone is __________.

A

A state of sustained partial contraction

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10
Q 
Muscle tissue has all of the following properties except \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. extensibility
B) contractility
C) excitability
D) secretion
A

D secretion

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11
Q

Which muscle cells have the greatest ability to regenerate?

A

Smooth

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12
Q

During muscle contraction, myosin cross bridges attach to which active sites?

A

Actin filaments

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13
Q

Most skeletal muscles contain ______.

A

A mixture of fiber types

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14
Q

Creatine phosphate functions in the muscle cell by ___________.

A

Storing energy that will be transferred to ADP to resynthesize ATP

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15
Q

The major function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction is to ___________.

A

Regulate intracellular calcium concentration

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16
Q

What is the role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles?

A

Tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the actin binding sites on the myosin molecules

17
Q

What are the three ways in which muscles generate ATP?

A

Phosphate
Anaerobic
aerobic

18
Q

What way of muscle generation for ATP provides the 1st 15 seconds of ATP

A

Phosphate

19
Q

What ATP generation creates small amounts of ATP in absence of Oxygen

A

Small amounts of ATP in absence of oxygen

20
Q

What ATP generation involves the combustion of macronutrients in presence of oxygen

A

Aerobic metabolism

21
Q

What is creatine phosphates role in muscles?

A

It acts as a reservoir of phosphates in tissues that use ATP quickly

22
Q

Anaerobic respirations in muscles can produce _____ ATP than aerobic.

A

Less

23
Q

What is the end product of aerobic muscle metabolism?

A

Carbohydrates, water, and carbon dioxide

24
Q

How much energy can muscles generate from 1 molecule of glucose under aerobic conditions?

A

32 ATP molecules

25
Q

What is a neuromuscular junction?

A

A connection between the motor nerve and a muscle.

26
Q

What role does acetylcholine play in the neuromuscular junction?

A

It triggers motor neurons and is responsible for voluntary movement

27
Q

What type of muscle fiber has a lot of mitochondria, and primarily uses aerobic metabolism?

A

Slow oxidative

28
Q

What muscle fiber produces higher tension contractions that the slow oxidative, but also uses aerobic.

A

Fast oxidative

29
Q

What type of muscle fiber breaks down ATP quickly and move quickly, and has a low oxygen supply.

A

Fast glycolytic

30
Q

What is the role of troponin in muscle contraction?

A

It binds to the tropomyosin to hold it in position, on the actin

31
Q

What is the role of tropomyosin in muscle contraction?

A

It blocks binding sites for myosin on the actin molecules, which prevents muscle contraction

32
Q

Smooth muscle contraction is ______ than skeletal muscle contraction.

A

Slower

33
Q

Contraction develops more slowly in _____ muscle contraction, and typically lasts longer.

A

Smooth

Anatomy (17 decks)

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