Exam 3 deck 3

Question 1

Which of the following is not a connective tissue sheath that wraps individual muscle fibers?

A) perimysium
B) Endomysium
C) Epimysium
D) Aponeurosis

Answer 1

D aponeurosis

Question 2

When a muscle is unable to respond to stimuli temporarily it is in which of the following periods?

Answer 2

Refractory period

Question 3

The term aponeurosis refers to _______.

Answer 3

The sheet like indirect attachment to a skeletal element

Question 4

The contractile units of skeletal muscles are ______.

Answer 4

Myofibrils

Question 5

What is the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction?

Answer 5

Bind to regulatory sites on troponin to remove contraction inhibition

Question 6

What is the most distinguishing characteristic of muscle tissues?

Answer 6

The ability to transform chemical energy into mechanical energy

Question 7

During vigorous exercise there may be insufficient oxygen available to completely break down pyruvic acid for energy. As a result the pyretic acid is converted to ______.

Answer 7

Lactic acid

Question 8

In an isotonic contraction the muscle _______.

Answer 8

Changes in length and moves the load

Question 9

Muscle tone is __________.

Answer 9

A state of sustained partial contraction

Question 10

Muscle tissue has all of the following properties except \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. extensibility
B) contractility
C) excitability
D) secretion

Answer 10

D secretion

Question 11

Which muscle cells have the greatest ability to regenerate?

Answer 11

Smooth

Question 12

During muscle contraction, myosin cross bridges attach to which active sites?

Answer 12

Actin filaments

Question 13

Most skeletal muscles contain ______.

Answer 13

A mixture of fiber types

Question 14

Creatine phosphate functions in the muscle cell by ___________.

Answer 14

Storing energy that will be transferred to ADP to resynthesize ATP

Question 15

The major function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction is to ___________.

Answer 15

Regulate intracellular calcium concentration

Question 16

What is the role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles?

Answer 16

Tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the actin binding sites on the myosin molecules

Question 17

What are the three ways in which muscles generate ATP?

Answer 17

Phosphate
Anaerobic
aerobic

Question 18

What way of muscle generation for ATP provides the 1st 15 seconds of ATP

Answer 18

Phosphate

Question 19

What ATP generation creates small amounts of ATP in absence of Oxygen

Answer 19

Small amounts of ATP in absence of oxygen

Question 20

What ATP generation involves the combustion of macronutrients in presence of oxygen

Answer 20

Aerobic metabolism

Question 21

What is creatine phosphates role in muscles?

Answer 21

It acts as a reservoir of phosphates in tissues that use ATP quickly

Question 22

Anaerobic respirations in muscles can produce _____ ATP than aerobic.

Answer 22

Less

Question 23

What is the end product of aerobic muscle metabolism?

Answer 23

Carbohydrates, water, and carbon dioxide

Question 24

How much energy can muscles generate from 1 molecule of glucose under aerobic conditions?

Answer 24

32 ATP molecules

Question 25

What is a neuromuscular junction?

Answer 25

A connection between the motor nerve and a muscle.

Question 26

What role does acetylcholine play in the neuromuscular junction?

Answer 26

It triggers motor neurons and is responsible for voluntary movement

Question 27

What type of muscle fiber has a lot of mitochondria, and primarily uses aerobic metabolism?

Answer 27

Slow oxidative

Question 28

What muscle fiber produces higher tension contractions that the slow oxidative, but also uses aerobic.

Answer 28

Fast oxidative

Question 29

What type of muscle fiber breaks down ATP quickly and move quickly, and has a low oxygen supply.

Answer 29

Fast glycolytic

Question 30

What is the role of troponin in muscle contraction?

Answer 30

It binds to the tropomyosin to hold it in position, on the actin

Question 31

What is the role of tropomyosin in muscle contraction?

Answer 31

It blocks binding sites for myosin on the actin molecules, which prevents muscle contraction

Question 32

Smooth muscle contraction is ______ than skeletal muscle contraction.

Answer 32

Slower

Question 33

Contraction develops more slowly in _____ muscle contraction, and typically lasts longer.

Answer 33

Smooth