Lecture Exam 1 (integumentary) Flashcards
integumentary system accessory structures
nails, hair, exocrine glands
consists of epidermis and top papillary of the dermis
cutaneous membrane
function of integument
physical protection, regulation of body temp., excretion, nutrition, sensation, and immune defense
skin layers
epidermis and dermis
loose CT proper
dermis
consist of stratified squamous epithelium
epidermis
most abundant cell in epidermis, waterproof the skin, UV protectant, protection
keratinocytes
sensory cells that detect pressure, only in epidermis
merkel cells
resting wandering dendritic (tentacles) macrophages” immune
langerhans cells
thick skin
palms and soles
skin color is produced by
dermal blood supply and epidermal pigment content
decreased blood flow =
pale
increased blood flow =
pink “blush”
orange pigment found in some vegetables
carotene
dark pigment produced by melanocytes
melanin
yellow skin discoloration caused by breakdown of red blood cells. sign to underlying pathology mostly in liver.
jaundice
epithelial tumor arising from the epidermis, least invasive
basal cell carcinoma
form of keratinocytic skin cancer consisting of squamous epithelial cells arising from epidermis and extending to dermis, can metastasize
squamous cell carcinoma
uncontrolled growth of melanocytes found in epidermis
melanoma`
separates lining of epidermis from dermis. anchors them together and is the barrier between the two
basement membrane
top layer of basement membrane
basal lamina
mixture of areolar CT and dense irregular CT
dermis
loose areolar CT, bottom of cutaneous membrane, abundant blood vessels and neural tissue found here.
papillary layer
blood vessels, glands, muscles, hair follicles, and nerves. consist of dense irregular CT
reticular layer
network of deep blood vessels at border of reticular and subcutaneous layer
cutaneous plexus
branch network of blood vessels just below the epidermis and above cutaneous plexus
papillary plexus
mixture of areolar and adipose tissues.
subcutaneous layer
hair follicles form?
hair
functions of hair
protection, trapping of particles, provide sensation, trap heat
fine colorless hair that covers most of body
vellus haris
thin, colored hairs common on limbs and groin
intermediate hairs
course, pigmented hairs found of head and face
terminal hairs
discharge oil into hair to protect, condition, and waterproof the follicles and skin
sebaceous glands
give off odor, found in axillae, around nipples, and in groin
apocrine sweat glands
mostly on palms and soles. no odor
merocrine sweat glands
sweat functions
reduces body temp., excretion, protection
milk-producing glands found in breasts
mammary glands
sweat glands in the external auditory canal
ceruminous glands
