Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy > Lecture Exam 1 (histology) > Flashcards

Lecture Exam 1 (histology) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four primary tissue types?

A

epithelial, connective, neural, and muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is spray paint?

A

epithelial tissue. lines the inner and outer cavities of body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Epithelial main characteristics

A

high cellularity, avascular, rapid regeneration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

very densely packed cells and very little extracellular material

A

high cellularity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

no direct blood supply.

A

avascular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

due to high mitotic rates, and existence of mesenchymal cells

A

rapid regeneration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

functions of epithelial

A

physical protection, provide sensation, control permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

not highly protective, specialized to allow diffusion and permeability, lining of internal compartments and passageways such as blood vessels, lining of the intestines and gas-exchange surfaces of the lungs

A

simple epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

several layers of cells, found in areas subjected to mechanical and chemical stress

A

stratified epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

thin flat cell on exposed surface

A

squamous epithelia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

most delicate epithelium. found in areas where slick surface reduces friction and very thin lining is needed for gas exchange.

A

simple squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

lining of heart and blood vessels

A

endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

lung membranes

A

pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

heart membranes

A

pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

abdominal cavity membranes

A

peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

many cell layers thick found in areas most subject to mechanical and physical stress

A

stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

stratified squamous epithelium located?

A

surface of skin, linings of mouth, throat, esophagus, rectum, vagina, and anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

contain cells that are hexagonal, nuclei near center.

A

cuboid epithelia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

limited protection, have absorptive and secretory capabilities

A

simple cuboid epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

where simple cuboid epithelium located?

A

kidney tubes, pancreas, salivary glands and thyroid follicles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

rare epithelial usually found in lining of largest ducts of a gland

A

stratified cuboid epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

column cells. nuclei usually found near the basal surface

A

columnar epithelia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

good protection and absorptive

A

simple columnar epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

simple columnar epithelium located?

A

stomach, intestinal tract, uterine tubes, and excretory duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

specialized columnar epithelium with many cell types

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

pseudostratified columnar epithelium located?

A

upper respiratory passages and male reproductive tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

rare epithelia found in throat, urethra, anus and some excretory ducts

A

stratified columnar epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

stratified epithelium that stretches and changes shape. found in pelvis, ureters, and urinary bladder

A

transitional epithelia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

never exposed to surface: epithelial or connective

A

connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

connective tissue main components

A

special cells, protein fibers, ground substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what is matrix

A

ground substance and protein fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

3 types of CT

A

proper, fluid, and supporting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

CT Proper

A

specialized cells and fibers in syrupy ground substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

fluid CT

A

specialized cells in fluid ground substance. Blood and Lymph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Supporting CT

A

on special cell in solid ground substance. Bone and Cartilage

36
Q

cells that are stationary and help with local maintenance of CT

A

fixed cells

37
Q

cells that move from one tissue to another searching for damaged tissue and pathogens

A

wandering cells

38
Q

cells responsible for the production of fibers and ground substance in CT

A

Fibroblasts (fixed)

39
Q

large cells that eat damaged tissue or pathogens

A

fixed macrophages

40
Q

energy storage cells. contain large lipid vacuole.

A

adipocytes (fixed)

41
Q

stem cells that become any other cell

A

mesenchymal cells (fixed)

42
Q

cells that produce a dark pigment called melanin

A

melanocytes (fixed)

43
Q

search for damaged tissue and pathogens

A

ameboid cells (wandering)

44
Q

large phagocytic cells, called monocytes when in blood stream

A

free macrophages (wandering)

45
Q

found near blood vessels. produce and release histamine and heparin in response to injury

A

mast cells (wandering)

46
Q

causes increased blood flow and attracts free macrophages

47
Q

prevents excessive blood clotting

48
Q

small blood cells that travel the body to fight off infection

A

lymphocytes

49
Q

activated type of lymphocyte that releases antibodies that assist in fighting off pathogens

A

plasma cells

50
Q

smaller versions of macrophages

A

microphages

51
Q

CT fibers

A

collagen, reticular, and elastic

52
Q

strongest fiber, flexible but wont stretch. very long, cylindrical fibers made up of three subunits coiled around one another

A

collagen fibers

53
Q

bands of collagen that connect muscles to bones

54
Q

bands of collagen that connect bones to each other

55
Q

single strand of collagen proteins. spleen and liver. stretches in all directions die to branching.

A

reticular fibers

56
Q

contain protein elastin. stretch up to 150% of length and bounce back

A

elastic fibers

57
Q

abundance of elastic fibers. support vertebral column

A

elastic ligaments

58
Q

colorless mixture of water, hyaluronan, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins

A

ground substance

59
Q

high amount of ground substance

60
Q

found under all epithelia in the body. mostly ground substance. separates skin from underlying structures.

A

areolar tissue

61
Q

adipocytes make up most volume. cushions shock, stores energy, and insulates body from heat loss.

A

adipose tissue

62
Q

made mostly of reticular fibers and more macrophages. bone marrow, spleen, liver, and lymph nodes

A

reticular tissue

63
Q

low ground substance lots of protein fibers

64
Q

tightly packed collagen fibers aligned parralel to applied forces. tendons, aponeuroses, elastic tissue, ligaments

A

dense regular CT

65
Q

mostly collagen fibers arranged in a meshwork.

A

dense irregular CT

66
Q

few cells, high amounts of fiber and the ground substance may contain insoluble calcium salts

A

supporting CT

67
Q

contains matrix similar to firm gel

68
Q

grows from the surface

A

appositional growth

69
Q

grow from the inside

A

interstitial growth

70
Q

3 types of cartilage

A

hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage

71
Q

tough, flexible, and weak. most common type of cartilage. costal, respiratory, and articular

A

hyaline cartilage

72
Q

cartilage between ribs and sternum

73
Q

cartilage along the conducting portion of the respiratory tract

A

respiratory

74
Q

cartilage covering the ends of bones in joints

75
Q

strongest of cartilages. little ground substance and abundance of collagen fibers. resist compression, absorb shock, and prevent bone to bone damage. between vertebrae, between bones of pelvis, and a few joints

A

fibrocartilage

76
Q

two layered covering of bone tissue

A

periosteum

77
Q

epithelia and connective tissues combine to form?

78
Q

4 types of membranes

A

mucous, serous, cutaneous, and synovial

79
Q

wet membranes that line passageways with connection to exterior

A

mucous membrane

80
Q

line ventral body cavity, no connection to exterior

A

serous membrane

81
Q

thick, dry, water-resistant membrane that covers the entire surface of body

A

cutaneous membrane

82
Q

found inside of capsule surrounding areas where bone contact one another; joints or articulations

A

synovial membranes

83
Q

produce synovial fluid

A

secretory cells

84
Q

functions of synovial fluid

A

lubrication of joint, distribution of oxygen and nutrients, cushioning shock.

Anatomy (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions