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Dermatology > Lecture: dermatology and endocrine dz > Flashcards

Lecture: dermatology and endocrine dz Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Dermatologic DDX

PAIN4ME

P

A
  • Parasitic
    • fleas
    • scabies
    • demodex
    • other
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2
Q

Dermatologic DDX

PAIN4ME

A

A
  • Allergic
    • environment
    • food
    • parasite
    • contact
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3
Q

Dermatologic DDX

PAIN4ME

I

A
  • Immune mediated/Idiopathic/Imadummy
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4
Q

Dermatologic DDX

PAIN4ME

N

A
  • Neoplastic
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5
Q

Dermatologic DDX

PAIN4ME

M

A
  • Microbial
    • bacteria
    • yeast
    • dermatophyte
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6
Q

Dermatologic DDX

PAIN4ME

E

A
  • Endocrine
    • endogenous
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7
Q

Hypothyroidism

Types

A
  • overdiagnosed (many factors affect testing)
  • Primary
    • idiopathic atrophy
    • Lymphocytic thyroiditis
    • Neoplasia
  • Secondary (pituitary gland)
  • Tertiary (hypothalamus)
  • Sick euthyroid syndrome
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8
Q

Constantly be on look-out for

SICK EUTHYROID SYNDROME

A
  • common reason for false diagnosis
  • Illness interferes with thyroid levels
  • these animals are not truly hyperthyroid
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9
Q

Production of thyroid hormone

A
  • Hypothalamus => TRH => Pituitary => TSH => Thyroid => T4

*T4 is important for testing, but is converted to T3

*T3 is important for metabolism

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10
Q

Functions of thyroid hormones (6)

If low….

A
  1. Growth: Alopecia
  2. Protein synthesis: Altered metabolism
  3. Lipid metabolism: Elevated cholesterol
  4. Carbohydrate metabolism: Alteration
  5. Hematopoiesis: Anemia (mild)
  6. Reproduction: Decreased
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11
Q

Metabolic signs of hypothyroidism

A
  • lethargy
  • Inactivity
  • Weight gain
  • Cold intolerance
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12
Q

Reproductive signs of hypothyroidism

A
  • persistent anestrus
  • testicular atrophy
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13
Q

Cardiovascular signs hypothyroid

A
  • bradycardia
  • cardiac arrhythmias
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14
Q

GI signs hypothyroid

A
  • Diarrhea
  • Constipation
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15
Q

Hematologic signs hypothyroid

A
  • Anemia
  • Hyperlipidemia
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16
Q

Neuromuscular signs hypothyroid

A
  • seizures
  • ataxia
  • circling
  • vestibular signs
  • facial nerve paralysis
17
Q

ocular signs hypothyroid

A
  • corneal lipid deposits
  • uveitis
18
Q

Dermatologic CS hypothyroid

A
  • Seborrhea: Dry or Greasy
    • skin and/or ears
    • May not be infected
  • Recurrent infections
    • skin and/or ears
  • Hyperpigmentation
  • Dry, brittle hair coat
  • Alopecia: Variable
19
Q

Hypothyroid DX

CBC

Chem

Thyroid panel

A
  • CBC
    • normochromic, normocytic, non-regenerative anemia
  • Chemistry (variable)
    • increased cholesterol and tryglycerides
  • Thyroid panel
    • dec TT4, Free T4
    • TSH
      • inc in primary
      • dec in secondary and tertiary

*TT3 and FT3 are unreliable

20
Q

hyperadrenocorticism most common in

A

Boston terriers

21
Q

Most common type of cushings

A

pituitary cushings

22
Q

Dermatologic signs of cushing’s

A
  • Comedones
    • much more likely in cushings than hypothyroid
  • Recurrent infections
  • Demodicosis
  • Cutaneous atrophy
  • Mange (Demodex)
  • Hyperpigmentation
  • cacinosis cutis
23
Q

Tests for cushings

A
  • ACTH stimulation test
    • not as good
    • affected by steroid use
  • Low dose dexamethasone suppression test
    • better test
  • Serum ACTH concentrations
  • High dose dexamethasone suppression test
24
Q

Cushing’s in cats

A
  • diabetes mellitus
  • Skin fragility
25
Q

Alopecia X

A
  • AKA
    • Growth hormone responsive dermatitis
    • Adrenal sex hormone imbalance
    • Pseudocushings
    • castration responsive dermatosis
26
Q

Dog walks in with alopecia looks endocrine dz’d

A

can rule out cushings if

  • No PU/PD
  • No think skin

*hypothyroidism has a better prognosis

27
Q

Treatment

A
  • may not be necessary
  • Melatonin (40%)
  • If dog is intact, castration is recommended
  • Drugs
    • Methyltestosterone
    • Ketoconazole
    • Lydodren: dangerous
    • Trilostane: dangerous
28
Q

Sertoli cell tumor

Derm signs

A
  • Bilateral, symmetrical alopecia
  • Hyperpigmentation
  • Seborrhea
  • Ceruminous otitis externa
  • Gynecomastia
  • Linear preputial dermatosis

Dermatology (22 decks)

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