Intro

Question 1

Primary Skin lesion

Answer 1

• Macule
• Papule
• Nodule
• Plaque
• Tumor
• Pustule
• Wheal
• Vesicle
• Bulla

Question 2

Secondary Skin lesion

(Evolutionary)

Answer 2

• Scale
• Crust
• Scar
• Ulcer
• Excoriation
• Lichenification
• Hyperpigmentation
• Hyperkaratosis
• Epidermal collarette

Question 3

Alopecia def

Answer 3

Decrease in amount of hair/ absence of hair

Question 4

Bulla def

Answer 4

Large vesicle (an intraepidermal or subepidermal accumulation of serous fluid)

Question 5

Comedo def

pl: comedones

Answer 5

Accumulatin of keratin and dried sebum in hair follicle

Question 6

Crust def

Answer 6

Dried exudate for secretion +/- epithelial or bacterial debris

Question 7

Dermatitis def

Answer 7

Inflammation of the skin

Question 8

Dermatosis def

Answer 8

Abnormal conditin or disease of the skin

Question 9

Epidermis def & layers

Answer 9

Outermost nonvascular layer of skin

five layers (outside in):

1. Stratum corneum
2. Stratum lucidem
3. Stratum granulosum
4. Stratum spinosum
5. Stratum basale

Question 10

Erythema def

Answer 10

Redness produced by capillary congestion

Question 11

Excoriation def

Answer 11

Superficial erosion or ulcer

(implies scratching or abrasion)

Question 12

Hyperkeratosis def

Orthokeratosis/parakeratosis

Answer 12

Thickening of stratum corneum due to inc number deratinized cells

(inc production/dec loss)

Orthokeratosis (loss of nucleus in norm fashion) vs parakeratosis

Question 13

Keratinocyte

Answer 13

Cell of epidermis

Question 14

Lichenification def

Answer 14

Thickening of skin with exaggeration of normal markings

• acanthosis
• hyperkeratosis
• dermal thickening

Question 15

Macule def

Answer 15

Circumscribed flat change in skin color

(pale, hyperpigmented or erythematous)

Question 16

Nodule def

Answer 16

Large papule, often extends into dermis

Question 17

Papule def

Answer 17

Circumscribed elevation of skin less than 1 cm in diameter

Question 18

Plaque def

Answer 18

Raised flattopped lesion

Question 19

Pustule def

Answer 19

Circumscribed epidermal or dermal accumulation of purulent exudate

Question 20

Pyoderma def

Answer 20

Purulent dermatitis

Question 21

Scale def

Answer 21

Flake of abnormal or compacted epithelial cells

Question 22

Seborrhea def

Answer 22

• A functional distrubance of sebaceous glands or of lipid metabolism of the epidermis.
• Accompanied by abnormal keratinization

Question 23

Stratum basale

Answer 23

• Innermost layer of epidermis composed of columnar cells arranged on a basement membrane.
• Germinative layer of the skin

Question 24

Stratum corneum

Answer 24

Outermost layer of epidermis composed of dead keratinized epidermal cells

Question 25

Stratum granulosum

Answer 25

Layer of epidermis composed of flattened cells with pyknotic nuclei and keratin granules

Question 26

Tumor def

Answer 26

* Swelling or enlargement * Usually neoplastic

Question 27

Ulcer def

Answer 27

* Loss of substance on a cutaneous surface exposing inner layers or tissues * May imply full thickness loss of epidermis

Question 28

Vesicle def

Answer 28

A circumscribed elevation of epidermis caused by accumulation of clear fluid within or beneath the epidermis

Question 29

Wheal def

Answer 29

* A HIVE * Sharply circumscribed skin elevation produced by edema of the superficial dermis

Question 30

Skin scraping

Answer 30

* cheap and easy * clip hair, apply mineral oil, scrape stratum corneum with dull scalpel blade * low light, 100X magnification

Question 31

Direct Examination of Hair and Scales

Answer 31

* Hair shaft morphology * Examination for superficial fungi

Question 32

Impression smears/aspirations

Answer 32

* Nodules/intact pustules/vesicles: aspirate with 22-25g needles * Exudative lesions: touched, swabbed, or lightly scraped, add 1 drop KOH

Question 33

Biopsy

Answer 33

* May require sedation/anesthesia * no surgical prep to preserve crusts/scabs

Question 34

Intradermal skin test

Answer 34

* dilute antigen injected intradermally * response read 15-30 minutes after injection, saline is control