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Dermatology > Intro > Flashcards

Intro Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Primary Skin lesion

A
  • Macule
  • Papule
  • Nodule
  • Plaque
  • Tumor
  • Pustule
  • Wheal
  • Vesicle
  • Bulla
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2
Q

Secondary Skin lesion

(Evolutionary)

A
  • Scale
  • Crust
  • Scar
  • Ulcer
  • Excoriation
  • Lichenification
  • Hyperpigmentation
  • Hyperkaratosis
  • Epidermal collarette
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3
Q

Alopecia def

A

Decrease in amount of hair/ absence of hair

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4
Q

Bulla def

A

Large vesicle (an intraepidermal or subepidermal accumulation of serous fluid)

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5
Q

Comedo def

pl: comedones

A

Accumulatin of keratin and dried sebum in hair follicle

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6
Q

Crust def

A

Dried exudate for secretion +/- epithelial or bacterial debris

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7
Q

Dermatitis def

A

Inflammation of the skin

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8
Q

Dermatosis def

A

Abnormal conditin or disease of the skin

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9
Q

Epidermis def & layers

A

Outermost nonvascular layer of skin

five layers (outside in):

  1. Stratum corneum
  2. Stratum lucidem
  3. Stratum granulosum
  4. Stratum spinosum
  5. Stratum basale
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10
Q

Erythema def

A

Redness produced by capillary congestion

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11
Q

Excoriation def

A

Superficial erosion or ulcer

(implies scratching or abrasion)

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12
Q

Hyperkeratosis def

Orthokeratosis/parakeratosis

A

Thickening of stratum corneum due to inc number deratinized cells

(inc production/dec loss)

Orthokeratosis (loss of nucleus in norm fashion) vs parakeratosis

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13
Q

Keratinocyte

A

Cell of epidermis

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14
Q

Lichenification def

A

Thickening of skin with exaggeration of normal markings

  • acanthosis
  • hyperkeratosis
  • dermal thickening
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15
Q

Macule def

A

Circumscribed flat change in skin color

(pale, hyperpigmented or erythematous)

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16
Q

Nodule def

A

Large papule, often extends into dermis

17
Q

Papule def

A

Circumscribed elevation of skin less than 1 cm in diameter

18
Q

Plaque def

A

Raised flattopped lesion

19
Q

Pustule def

A

Circumscribed epidermal or dermal accumulation of purulent exudate

20
Q

Pyoderma def

A

Purulent dermatitis

21
Q

Scale def

A

Flake of abnormal or compacted epithelial cells

22
Q

Seborrhea def

A
  • A functional distrubance of sebaceous glands or of lipid metabolism of the epidermis.
  • Accompanied by abnormal keratinization
23
Q

Stratum basale

A
  • Innermost layer of epidermis composed of columnar cells arranged on a basement membrane.
  • Germinative layer of the skin
24
Q

Stratum corneum

A

Outermost layer of epidermis composed of dead keratinized epidermal cells

25
Q

Stratum granulosum

A

Layer of epidermis composed of flattened cells with pyknotic nuclei and keratin granules

26
Q

Tumor def

A
  • Swelling or enlargement
  • Usually neoplastic
27
Q

Ulcer def

A
  • Loss of substance on a cutaneous surface exposing inner layers or tissues
  • May imply full thickness loss of epidermis
28
Q

Vesicle def

A

A circumscribed elevation of epidermis caused by accumulation of clear fluid within or beneath the epidermis

29
Q

Wheal def

A
  • A HIVE
  • Sharply circumscribed skin elevation produced by edema of the superficial dermis
30
Q

Skin scraping

A
  • cheap and easy
  • clip hair, apply mineral oil, scrape stratum corneum with dull scalpel blade
  • low light, 100X magnification
31
Q

Direct Examination of Hair and Scales

A
  • Hair shaft morphology
  • Examination for superficial fungi
32
Q

Impression smears/aspirations

A
  • Nodules/intact pustules/vesicles: aspirate with 22-25g needles
  • Exudative lesions: touched, swabbed, or lightly scraped, add 1 drop KOH
33
Q

Biopsy

A
  • May require sedation/anesthesia
  • no surgical prep to preserve crusts/scabs
34
Q

Intradermal skin test

A
  • dilute antigen injected intradermally
  • response read 15-30 minutes after injection, saline is control

Dermatology (22 decks)

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