Lecture 9: Gluteal Region Flashcards
Where is the gluteal region located and what are the superior and inferior boundaries?
Posterior to the pelvis.
Superior boundary: iliac crests
Inferior: gluteal sulcus
Other names for the hip bone
- Os coxae
2. Innominate bone
Why is the ox coxae plural?
At birth, the ilium, ischium and pubis bones were separate.
Overtime, they fused together at the acetabulum.
What two ligaments form the important foramina for the passage of structures in and out of the gluteal region?
- Greater sciatic foramen
2. Lesser sciatic formen
Gluteus Maximus M.
Innervation:
Action:
Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve
Action:
- Extend thigh
- Laterally rotate thigh
- When working with tensor fascia lata m, it slightly helps to extend.
Gluteus Medius M.
Innervation:
Action:
Innervation: Superior gluteal n.
Action:
- Abduct thigh
- Medially rotate thigh
- Stabilize the pelvis
Gluteus Minimus M.
Innervation:
Action:
Innervation: Superior Gluteal N.
Action:
- Abduct thigh
- Medially rotate thigh
- Stabilize the pelvis
Tensor Fascia Lata M
Innervation:
Action:
Innervation: Superior Gluteal N.
Action:
- Abduct thigh
- Medially rotate thigh
- Flex thigh
- Helps to extend knee, along with the gluteus maximus
Tensor fascia late M origin and insertion
Origin- ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine)
Insert: iliotibial tract
What encloses the tensor fascia lata?
Fascia lata
Piriformis M.
Innervation:
Action:
Innervation: Nerve to the piriformis m.
Action:
- Laterally rotates the extended thigh
- Abduct flexed thigh
- Stabilize femoral head in acetabulum
Superior Gemellus M
Innervation:
Action:
Innervation: nerve to the obturator internus m. and superior gemellus m.
Action:
- Laterally rotate extended thigh
- Abduct flexed thigh
- Stabilize the femoral head in acetabulum
Obturator internus m.
Innervation:
Action:
Innervation: nerve to the obturator internus m. and superior gemellus m.
Action:
- Laterally rotate the extended thigh
- Abduct flexed thigh
- Stabilize the femoral head in acetabulum
Inferior Gemellus M
Innervation:
Action:
Innervation: Nerve to the quadratus femoris m. and inferior gemellus m.
Action:
- Laterally rotate the extended thigh
- Abduct the flexed thigh
- Stabilize the femoral head
What muscles are innervated by the superior gluteal N?
- Gluteus medius m.
- Gluteus minimus m.
- Tensor Fascia Lata m.
What muscle is innervated by the inferior gluteal n?
- Gluteus maximus m.
What muscle is innervated by the nerve to the piriformis m.?
- Piriformis m.
What muscle is innervated by the nerve to the obturator internus m?
- Superior Gemellus m.
2. Obturator internus m.
What muscles are innervated by the nerve to the quadratus femoris m?
- Inferior gemellus m.
2. Quadratus femoris m.
Quadratus Femoris M
Innervation:
Action:
Innervation: Nerve to the quadratus femoris m. and inferior gemellus m.
Action:
- Laterally rotate thigh
- Stabilize the femoral head in acetabulum
Obturator Externus M
Innervation:
Action:
Innervation: Obturator N.
Action:
- Laterally rotate thigh
- Stabilize the femoral head in acetabulum
What forms the cruciate anastomosis?
- Inferior gluteal artery
- transverse branch of the medial circumflex femoral artery (MCFA)
- Transverse branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA)
- 1st perforating artery of the ascending branch of the deep femoral a.
Where should intragluteal injections be made?
Supero-lateral part of the gluteal region in order to avoid the sciatic nerve and other gluteal nerves
Where should you draw the line to do an intragluteal injection?
- Lateral line from the PSIS to the greater trochanter of the femur
- Draw a line from the midpoint to the iliac crest
Inject in the supero-lateral part.