Joints and ligaments Flashcards
What is the iiofemoral Ligament
Y shaped ligament that is one of body’s strongest ligaments.
Prevents hyperextending of hip
On the anterior side of the body
what is the pubofemoral ligament
Tightens when we extend
Prevents hyperabduction
Ischiofemoral L
located on the posterior portion of femoral neck
3 extracapsular ligaments of hip
- Iliofemoral L
- Pubofemoral L
- Ischiofemoral L
What are the 4 Intracapsular Ligaments of the Hip
1 .Zona Orbicularis
- Acetabular Labrum
- Ligamentum Teres
- Transverse Acetabular L
ZALT
Zona Orbicularis
Intracapsular Ligaments of the Hip
Runs deep and perpendicular to the previously mentioned Extracapsular Ligaments. Supports the weak Femoral Neck
Acetabular Labrum
An Extension of the Acetabular Ridge , creating a deeper socket for the Femoral Head to sit inside.
Transverse Acetabular Ligament
Connects the inferior aspect of the Acetabulum.
Acts as a gateway for vessels going to the head of the femur, since the rest of the Acetabulum is a bony structure.
Ligamentum Teres
Ligament of the Head of the Femur.
During childhood, a branch of the Obturator Artery runs into / around it. Usually this closes, but in some populations it does not.
When runs around the Ligamentum Teres in childhood
obturator a
Anterior hip dislocations
very uncommon due to the strength of the Iliofemoral Ligament.
Posterior Dislocations
Occur in car crashes when knee car crashes slams into the dash, and the head of the femur is pushed post out of the socket.
what happens during Posterior Dislocation of the Femur
shortening of limb
internally rotated
flexed
adducted
Log Roll
Pt supine. Externally and internally rotate the hip and check for pain.
Labral Loading
Pt supine.
Flex the patient’s knee to 90 degrees while the patient is supine and apply weight to the acetabulum by pressing down on the femur. Check for pain.
Labral Distraction
Pt supine.
Flex the patient’s knee to 90 degrees as above, but then lift on the leg to take weight off of the acetabulum. Check for relief of pain
Scour Maneuver
Pt supine. Rotate the patient’s thigh in circles at the hip joint. Check for pain.
Lateral (fibular) collateral L
does not directly connect to lateral meniscus. underneath is the popliteus m.
does medial (tibiaa) collateral L attach to medial meniscus
yes
blow to side of knee. what happens
- tear of medial collateral m
- tear of medial meniscus
- acl tear
Anterolateral Ligament
prevents [excessive internal tibial rotation] when the leg is near full extension.
why is there high rates of re-tearing in post ACL patients
[anterolateral ligament] of knee is also torn but rarely repaired
what is weaker; lateral collateral or medical collateral
medial. tears commonly w the medial meniscus
Oblique Popliteal Ligament
comes off of the Semimembranosus Tendon–> Lateral Femoral Condyle