Lecture 9: Epithelial Glands I

Question 1

Exocrine gland

Answer 1

secretes product via ducts derived from original connection to epithelial layer
ex: mammary, sebaceous, salivary, sweat, liver, pancreas

Question 2

Endocrine gland

Answer 2

secretes product (hormones) directly into blood stream in absence of a duct
ex: pituitary, thyroid, pineal, parathyroid, adrenals, etc

Question 3

Paracrine

Answer 3

secretion affects neighboring cells (such as growth factors)

Question 4

Autocrine

Answer 4

secretion affects cell that released the product (such as IL-2 from T cells)

Question 5

Unicellular

Answer 5

1-cell glands such as Goblet Cells, mucous cells of the stomach, enteroendocrine cells

Question 6

Multicellular

Answer 6

most glands other than the unicellular; can be simple (non-branched) or compound (branched)

Question 7

Serous glands

Answer 7

Have watery, enzyme-filled secretion (parotid gland)

Question 8

Mucous glands

Answer 8

Have thick mucin-containing secretion

Question 9

Mixed (serous-mucous) glands

Answer 9

Combination of serous and mucous (submandibular and sublingual glands)

Question 10

Merocrine (eccrine)

Answer 10

Secretory product typically stored in membrane-bound vesicles and retrieved in exocytosis/endocytosis cycle; cell is not damaged in the process (most glands)

Question 11

Apocrine

Answer 11

apical cytoplasm is released along with secretory product; a part of the cell disintegrates (axillary sweat glands)

Question 12

Holocrine

Answer 12

Entire cell is released as part of secretory product; mitotic activity required to continually replace lost cells (sebaceous glands)