Lecture 9 Flashcards
What is a joint?
Connective tissue found between bone ends - articulation points btw bones. Hold bones together
What are the three joint types?
Fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints & synovial joints
What is the structure & function for fibrous joints?
Tissue btw bone ends is made up of dense fibrous connective tissue. Bones are held firmly together & allow minimal movement
e.g sutures of the brain
What is the structure & function for cartilaginous joints?
Tissue btw bone ends is made up of cartilage. Bones are held firmly together but a small amount of movement is available. e.g joints btw vertebrae
What is the structure & function for synovial joints?
There is no direct attachment btw bone ends as they are held together by a JOINT CAPSULE attached to the margins of the joint. Allow maximum movement
The bones that articulate to form cartilaginous joints are joined by either:
Hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage
What is the structure of hyaline cartilage?
Collagen fibres are barley visible & high water content in matrix
What is the function of hyaline cartilage?
Moulds surfaces of bones that articulate: resists COMPRESSION - shock absorption. Provides smooth frictionless surface
What is the function of fibrocartilage?
Adapt its shape to stresses on joints in movement - Resists TENSION & compression
What is the structure of fibrocartilage?
Collagen fibres from bundles throughout the matrix - orientation of fibres aligns with stress - load bearing
The degradation of articular cartilage of joints results in:
OsteoARHTRITIS
What is an example of fibrocartilage?
Meniscus - cartilage at knee joint (concave discs of fibrocartilage) that deepen articulation at knee
What is the function of ligaments?
bone to bone - restrict movement
What is the function of tendons?
muscle to bone - facilitate movement
What are the two types of cartilage that cartilaginous joints are made up of?
Hyaline cartilage
Fibrocartilage
