Lecture 9 Flashcards
What is a joint?
Connective tissue found between bone ends - articulation points btw bones. Hold bones together
What are the three joint types?
Fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints & synovial joints
What is the structure & function for fibrous joints?
Tissue btw bone ends is made up of dense fibrous connective tissue. Bones are held firmly together & allow minimal movement
e.g sutures of the brain
What is the structure & function for cartilaginous joints?
Tissue btw bone ends is made up of cartilage. Bones are held firmly together but a small amount of movement is available. e.g joints btw vertebrae
What is the structure & function for synovial joints?
There is no direct attachment btw bone ends as they are held together by a JOINT CAPSULE attached to the margins of the joint. Allow maximum movement
The bones that articulate to form cartilaginous joints are joined by either:
Hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage
What is the structure of hyaline cartilage?
Collagen fibres are barley visible & high water content in matrix
What is the function of hyaline cartilage?
Moulds surfaces of bones that articulate: resists COMPRESSION - shock absorption. Provides smooth frictionless surface
What is the function of fibrocartilage?
Adapt its shape to stresses on joints in movement - Resists TENSION & compression
What is the structure of fibrocartilage?
Collagen fibres from bundles throughout the matrix - orientation of fibres aligns with stress - load bearing
The degradation of articular cartilage of joints results in:
OsteoARHTRITIS
What is an example of fibrocartilage?
Meniscus - cartilage at knee joint (concave discs of fibrocartilage) that deepen articulation at knee
What is the function of ligaments?
bone to bone - restrict movement
What is the function of tendons?
muscle to bone - facilitate movement
What are the two types of cartilage that cartilaginous joints are made up of?
Hyaline cartilage
Fibrocartilage
What is the structure of hyaline cartilage?
Collagen fibres are spaced out
High water content in matrix
What is the function of hyaline cartilage?
- moulds surfaces of bones that articulate
- resists compression
- provides smooth frictionless surface
- shock absorption
What is the structure of fibrocartilage?
- collagen fibres form bundles throughout the matrix
- orientation of fibres aligns with stress
What is the function of fibrocartilage?
- load bearing
- adapts its shape to stresses on joints
- resists tension & compressions
What is cartilage made up of?
- collagen fibres (ground substance)
- chrondocytes
What is the structure of ligaments & tendons?
DFCT - collagen
- fibroblasts
