Lecture 15: Complex Movement Flashcards
At the hip joint the line of gravity crosses:
Posterior to the hip joint
When standing the line of gravity crosses posterior to the hip joint. What effect does gravity have on the hip joint?
Extends the hip further
- causes extension
In extension the hip ligaments are wound tight so hip joint is pushed towards its most stable position
At the knee joint the line of gravity crosses:
Anterior to the knee joint
When standing, the line of gravity crosses anterior to the knee joint. What effect does gravity have on the knee joint?
Pushes it towards maximum extension
- causes extension
In extension, ligament around knee become tight - which is a stable position for the knee joint
At the ankle joint the line of gravity crosses:
Anterior to the ankle joint
When standing, the line of gravity crosses anterior to the ankle joint. What effect does gravity have on the ankle joint
Pushes the ankle into dorsiflexion. Not a stable position. Muscle activity is needed to prevent us from falling over.
During standing, is muscle work needed at the hip joint?
NO
- gravity lies posterior to joint-
- pushes hip into extension
- ligament become tight/locked
- very stable - position maintained with minimal muscle work
During standing, is muscle work needed at the knee joint?
NO
- gravity anterior to the joint
- pushed knee into extension
- ligaments become tight/locked
- very stable - position maintained with minimal muscle work
During standing, is muscle work needed at the ankle joint?
YES- gravity anterior to the joint - pushes ankle into dorsiflexion -not stable, ligament are not locked - muscle work needed in order to maintain a stable position MUSCLE WORK REGQUIRED
Where is the foot during the stance phase?
Foot is on the ground
Where is the foot during the swing phase?
Foot is off the ground
During the stance phase up what movement occurs at the Hip joint until toe off? What causes this?
Movement -Extension
Cause -Gluteus maximus
During the stance phase what movement occurs at the knee joint until toe off? What causes this?
Movement - Flexion
Cause - Quadriceps femoris
During the stance phase what movement occurs at the ankle joint until toe off? What causes this?
Movement - Plantarflexion
Cause - Triceps surae
During the swing phase what movement occurs at the hip joint? What causes this?
Movement - Flexion as it swings through
Cause - Iliopsoas
During the swing phase what movement occurs at the knee joint
-before the foot clears the ground?
What causes this?
Movement - Flexion ( so foot doesn’t touch the ground during swing)
Cause - Hamstrings
During the swing phase what movement occurs at the knee joint
- after the foot clears the floor?
What causes this?
Movement - Extension after the foot clears the ground as knee is locked
Cause - gravtiy ( foot moves into heel stance)
- Quadriceps femoris
During the swing phase what movement occurs at the ankle joint?
What causes this?
Movement - Dorsiflexion ( toes flex to clear the ground)
Cause - Tibilias anterior
During the heel- strike what movement occurs at hip joint?
What causes this?
Movement - Flexion ( leg brought forward)
Cause - Iliopsoas
During the heel strike what movement occurs at the knee joint?
What causes this?
Movement - Extension
Cause - Quadriceps femoris
During the heel strike what movement occurs at the ankle joint?
What causes this?
Movement - Dorsiflextion to plantaflexion
Cause - Gravity: foot was originally flexed but due to gravity is is being planted on the ground
- Tibialis anterior slow down the force of gravity as it acts as the antagonist
