Lecture 8 (Self Study) Flashcards
What is sustainable development?
Meetin present needs without compromising future generations ability to meet their needs
-basically keeping our ecosystem healthy
Interacting with ecosystem ins ays that allow them to maintain sufficient functional integrity to continue providing all creatures with the food, water, shelter and other resources that they need
Sustainable development is not…?
A luxury to bee pursued after economic development and other priorities are achieved
What happens to damaged ecosystems?
Lose their capacity to meet basic human needs close off opportunities for economy development and social justice
What does a health society give equal attention to?
Social Justice
Economic development
Ecological Sustainability
-because theta re all mutually reinforcing
What kind of system is earth?
Ecosphere with many ecosystems within
We are pollution out space, why is this a hazard?
Potentially catastrophic risk to astronauts, satellites and international space station
-pieces range from <1cm, 1-10cm and larger pieces
What is beach sand mining and why is it bad?
> all other environmental crimes combined
-used for the global urbanization boon (concrete, asphalt and glass) and to store nuclear waste
Why do people want beach sand?
Desirable because of its shape (edgy)
Minerals found in beach sand are also used in consumer goods, paint, paper and plastic
Who uses the most beach sand?
Global North consumes most of these minerals but all sand wars are in the global south
What is the first problem with plastic pollution of the ocean and its possible solutions??
Hundreds of thousands of tons of plastic in our oceans
Solutions
- Reduce overall use of plastics
- Recycle: dispose properly
- Advocate for biodegradable plastics
What is the second problem with plastic pollution of the ocean and its possible solutions??
Many chemicals added to plastics which end up in the environment
Solutions:
- use BPA free products (Recycle codes 3&7 may contain BPA)
- Cut back on cans (lined with BPA resin)
- Avoid Heat (putting plastic in microwave/dishwasher)
- Use alternatives (glass)
- Advocate for biodegradable
What is the third problem with plastic pollution of the ocean??
Health effete of plastics in marine food chain
- plastics absorb toxic substances
- bioaccumulation
What is the problem with plastic?
- Ubiquitous on the planet, production increased exponentially over past 60 years
- Estimates of how much is floating in ocean is underestimated
- All plastic breaks down to micro plastic
- Micro plastics=90% of plastic collected
- marine organisms consume
- plastics in ocean have higher [ ] of pollutants
What are curdles?
Plastic pellets used to make other plastics and microbeads used in personal hygiene products also pollute oceans
How much plastic enters the Great Lakes/yr?
10,000 metric tons (22 million pounds)
Why are microfibres a problem?
Synthetic fibres<5mm are shed from the washing of older and cheaper clothes if washed in a top load machine
-100’s of kg of microfibres are released into local water bodies every day
What are proposed solutions to reduce microfibres?
- Better quality clothes with anti shed treatment
- Nanoball added to washing machine to capture plastic microfibres
- Wash clothes less often
- Waterless washing machienes
- Filters on home washing machines
- Slow fashion instead of fast
What is fast fashion?
Rapid production with short lead time
- increase number of fashion seasons
- low cost materials and labour
- cheap fabrics and poor garment construction
- product lifespan are deliberately shortened to increase consumption and early disposal
Why is overconsumption in Global North bad?
- Threatens water resources in global south
- reinforces socioeconomic inequality and degrades environment
- Creates huge used clothing market (3.9 billion tons values at 4.3billion)
- 70% of sloes in our closets are inactive
What is the cycle of unwanted clothes?
Unrated clothes>donated (charity in use, Canada, Europe)>Sold to commercial operators in same country> resold to recycler in Poland/india> resold to market traders in Africa Asia South America> resold to poor stall sellers in Africa Asia and South America> then resold to poor customers in Africa Asia and fourth America who grew the cotton or mate the t-shirt 5-6 years ago
Why do the poor stalls sellers face greatest risk?
- Irregular shipments
- Inconsistency of supply (depends on donations)
- Fluctuations of currencies
- Poor quality clothing
- Large sized clothing (obese for Americans don’t fit many africans)
- Overhead often exceeds sales
What is the global clothes cycle?
Ster in africa, move to asia
Asia sells to europ and N/A
Europe and N/A send it back to Africa Asia and S/A when finished with it
-clothes end up where they started
What are the dimensions of slow fashion?
Equality and localism
-caring for producers and local communities for sustainable life
Authenticity
-Traditionial techiques, more time spent per piece
Exclusivity
-small quantities of unique, high quality products
Functionality
-Maximizing product lifespan for a sustainable environment
what are some solution towards promoting slow fashion?
Adopt a more holistic view by considering purchase care and disposal
- buy high quality items LESS OFTEN
- Wear clothes until worn-out
- Choose styles/designs that are LONG LASTING
- Chose clothing made from one type of fabric
- Wash at low temp less often with full machine
- Reuse/repair/recycle
- Consider versatility
What are more solutions for promoting fast fashion?
- Regulate collection and donation sector
- Raise awareness about fast fashion
- Foster businesses that pay living wages
- promote environmental responsibility in production and manufacture of cotton
- Allow unionization to increase wages
- ACTIVISM
What is sustainable production?
- Every-stage of every products lifecycle has an environmental impact
- life cycle assessment helps us understand the depth and breadth of this impact
- Challenging as raw materials come from many sources and each involve inputs and outputs
- Helpful in new product R&D to determine environmental footprint
What are some solutions to sustainable production?
Cradle to cradle production eliminates concept of waste, it uses:
- technical materials: can be used over and over again without losing integrity/quality
- Biological materials: that decomposes into the soil
Every product is designed with the intern of brining it back into either the technical cycle or the biological cupel
Goal is to borrow, instead of use
Whats re thee proposed 5 solutions to sustainable consumption?
- Government standards
- efficient appliances - Punishment or penalties
- litter, pay more for peak hours, shopping bags - Rewards or incentives
- discount when bringing own mug, rebate for fuel efficient car - Persuasion
- teach children alternate ways - Communication campaigns and education
- raise awareness about broad impacts and consumption
What are ecological determinants of health?
Ecosystem based goods and services that we get from nature
-O2, water, food, fuel, natural resources, O3 layer, stable climate
What are the key factors driving ecosystem changes?
Population growth Urbanization Economic Growth & development Technological changes and advances Social Changes and movements
In terms of ecological determinants of health, what do societal and cultural values emphasize?
Emphasized progress or modernization, transforming human societies from rural and agrarian to urban and industrial
What will healthier and more sustainable societies not be achieved by?
Will not ba achieved in solution from wider social processes
-we need new ways of knowing governing and measuring
What is GDP?
Gross tall of products and serves bought and sold
- assumed to correlate with standard of living
- important indicator of nationaal economies
What does GDP fail to distinguish between?
Economic activities that are beneficial and those that are harmful
What makes GDP go up?
Slate of unhealthy goods (cigarettes, ultra process foods, weapons)
Reconstruction after war
Clean up after tornadoes
Services to deal with divorcee crime etc
What is the problem with GDP?
Crucial functions performed in the household and volunteer sectors are not included in the GDP (no money is exchanged)
What is the Canadian index of wellbeing?
Distinguishes between good things like health, clean air, and bad things like sickness and pollution
What does the Canadian index wellbeing promote?
Promotes volunteer work and upaid caregiving as social goals and overwork and stress as social deficits
What does the Canadian index of wellbeing place values on?
Educational achievement Early childhood learning Economic and personal security Clean environment Social and Health equity
Values a better balance between investment in health promotion and spending on illness treatment
What is the Canadian index of wellbeing rooted in?
Canadian value and developed through extensive public consultations
-will measure change overtime
How many domains does Canadian index of wellbeing track?
8 domains of wellbeing to see if our quality of life is getting better or works
What are both GDP and CIW a measure of?
Measure of our economy and wellbeing
-provide evidence to help us build a better society
What are the 8 domains of welling that the Canadian index of wellbeing looks at?
Democratic Engagement Living Standards Healthy Populations Community Vitality Time Use Education Environment Leisure and Culture
What makes time use of children and adolescents an indicator?
Screen time
Time spent in organized extracurricular activities
Parental reading to preschoolers
Time spent in meals with parents at home
What makes Community vitality an indicator?
Feel safer walking alone after dark
Feel that most/many people can be trusted
Have 6 or more close friends
Report sense of belonging to community
What makes Democratic engagement an indicator?
- Voter turnout for elections
- Confidence in federal gouvernement
- Percentage of women in parliament
What makes living standards an indicator?
- Housing affordability
- Employment quality
- % of labour force with longterm unemployment
What does the Canadian index of well-being move beyond?
Moves beyond the silo approach to more comprehensive solution
What patterns do the Canadian index of wellbeing see emerging?
Health related to income and education
Higher education=longer life, less chronic disease, better health
Higher income=best predictor of future health
What do we see in richer countries?
Increase longevity but beyond a certain income level the curve flattens out
-longevity doest continually increase
When are people happier and live more sustainably?
When they favour intrinsic goals that embed them in family and community
Why do bad policies harm wellbeing?
Changes in eligibility for employment insurance
De-listing of medical services
Reduction in welfare benefits
How can good policies improve wellbeing?
Smoking restrictions
Affordable child care, adequate pensions/wages
Affordable housing, transportation, urban planning
How does home economics education come into sustainability?
Includes a global perspective including systems thinking and respect for diversity
How can holistic environmental education be integrated into teaching through what mediums?
Textile studies
Consumer studies
Family Studies
Food Studies
What do few people know bout their clothing in terms of textile studies?
Few people know how bit whom and under what conditions their clothing is made
What can students do to raise awareness of how, whom and what conditions their clothing is made under?
- Consider the social economic and ecological costs and textile products
- Learn about the environmental impacts of producing and caring for different types of fabrics
- Buy more sustainable fabrics
- Develop sewing/recycling skills
What is consumer studies?
Raise awareness about consumption habits that deplete the planets resources?
What can students do to bring awareness to consumer studies?
- Conduct a lifecycle analysis of a product
- Compare green and conventional products
- Calculate their own ecological footprint
- Consider value of things that do not have a price tag
- Consider smaller, more E-efficient housing options
What is family studies?
Famines are dependent on the natural environment for physical sustenance and upon social organizations that give quality and meaning to life
How can students bring awareness to family studies?
Examine how green spaces in urban areas contribute to healthy lifestyles
Consider how their health and well being is linked to the health of the environment
What is food studies?
excellent way to explore complex relationships
What can students do to bring awareness to food studies?
- Analyze factors beyond price, nutritional value and convenience
- Learn how to grow, cook, and store food
- Learn how to compost food waste
- Consider seasonality rather than variety
- Think critically about who really needs dietary supplements
How do we restore the ‘oikos’?
Raise awareness of how everyday choices affect wellbeing locally and globally
Demonstrate leadership in influencing such choices
Foster an ethic of care or stewardship towards our environment
