Lecture 8 - Bananas and Plantains Flashcards
wild parents of domesticated banana
Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana
major genomic groups of banana
AA, BB, AB
AAA, BBB, AAB, ABB
AAAA, ABBB, AAAB, AABB
how does banana reproduce without seeds
triploidy or parthenocarpy
parthenocarpy
development of fruit without fertilization
2 forms of triploid formation in banana
spontaneous tetraploid
abnormal meiosis, unreduced gametes
what are the benefits of triploidy in banana
more vigorous plants
larger fruit
higher sterility (less seeds)
types of banana
dessert banana ( Cavendish, red, lady finger, blue java)
types of plantain
Horn and bluggoe
Banana orgin
southeast asia
first major cultivar of banana
Gros Mechel (Big mike)
limitation of banana trade
shipping and harvesting
what wiped out the big mike variety of banana
Panama Disease
Where do most bananas come from
Asia
plant structure of banana plant
perennial herb that is largest plant without woody trunk
t/f: banana plants are dicots
f, they are monocots
where do leaves/inflorescence originate from in banana plants
underground corm/rhizome
banana pseudostem
leaf sheaths tightly packed and thickened
banana sucker types
sword sucker and water sucker
which type of banana sucker is used for propogation
sword sucker
banana fruiting mat
fruiting stem, 1 replacement daughter, 2nd replacement grandaughter
3 types of banana flowers
female flowers
hermaphroditic flowers
male flowers
botanically, the banana is a ______
berry
how are banana plants propagated
suckers
how long does a banana plant take to flower and for a bunch to mature
8-9 months to flower
3 for bunch to develop
fruiting cycle is 11 months
climate requirements for bananas
mean temp of 27C, 100mm of rain per month, good draining slightly acidic soil
weather problems for bananas
wind, floods, disease
why is wind such a problem for bananas
pseudostem not very strong, big leaves, shallow root system
how to control wind damage in bananas
windbreaks, wooden poles, overhead cable system
leaf pruning
how to control flood damage in bananas
drainage canals
disease problems in bananas
panama disease, sigatoka disease
bagging of banana fruit
tagged with different color , covered with polyethylene bag, male and hermaphrodite flowers removed. small distal hands removed
harvest of bananas
crew harvests in 3-4 day intervals (2 man operation)
pick bunch with at least 5 hands while still green
hung on hook on cable system
fruit packing of bananas
separate into hands and wash to prevent staining
only unblemished fruit packed into boxes
storage of bananas
14-15C so bananas ripen. Ethylene treatments slow down ripenning
grading bananas
refer to categorization of fruit based on # and size of fingers in each hand
