Lecture 5 - Sorghum and Millets Flashcards
Sorghum botanical name
Sorghum bicolor L.
Sorghum family name
poaceae
sorghum genus
sorghum
Sorghum ploidy
2n=20
t/f: sorghum is a cross pollinating species
false, self pollinating
center of diversity for sorghum
Ethiopia
wild progenitor of sorghum
sorghum verticilliflorum, an African tropical forest grass
what colour was the original variety of sorghum
purple or red
Top world producer of sorghum
sudan
physical description of sorghum
height of 60-460cm
long and wide leaves grow off the stalk
sorghum seed is _____ and _______
small and round
what type of climate does sorghum prefer
hot (30C) dry climate
what type of soil does sorghum grow on
all types of soil, except saline and waterlogged. Best soil is heavy, loamy soils
t/f: sorghum grows well in areas with high summer rainfall
f
sorghum, pearl millet, and maize in order of best drought tolerance
pearl>sorghum>maize
how is sorghum planted
mostly sown by broadcasting or row spacing
row spacing for sorghum
30cm for fodder or 45-60cm for seed production
seeding rate for sorghum
32-35kg/acre for fodder crop
6-8kg/acre for grain production
when do you harvest sorghum
when seed moisture is 17-20% for seed
50% heading stage for fodder crop
how long does sorghum take to mature
75 days -140 days
how are hybrid sorghum seed produced
2 male fertile pollen parent rows are in centre, with male sterile seed parent rows on either side
major insect of sorghum
green bug - type of aphid that sucks juices from and injects toxin into plants
major disease of sorghum
anthracnose - effects leaves, stems, peduncles, and grain
how is green bug controlled in sorghum
some hybrids have genetic resistance
control of anthracnose in sorghum
reduce inoculum and host resistance
panicle diseases of sorghum
covered smut
loose smut
head smut
where is millet a staple cereal
Africa and India
where was sorghum domesticated
southern edge of Sahara, west of the Nile
t/f: millet is a cross pollinating species
t
where is millet suited to grow
regions where rainfall is insufficient for sorghum
millet is a _____ cereal grain
C4
millet ploidy
2n=14
growth period of millet
2.5-4 months
what temp does millet mature at
above 30C
t/f: millet has the highest growth rate among all cereals
t
diseases of pearl millet
pearl millet rust
blast
downy millet
ergot
striga
insects of pearl millet
chinch bug and false chinch bug
seed colors of millet
creamy white, light-dark brown, blue/gray, purple
nutritional profile of millet
amino acids similar to small grains
protein and some vitamins deficient
Center for millet improvement
International Crop Research Institute for the Semi Arid Tropics in India
