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Anatomy > Lecture 8: abd viscera > Flashcards

Lecture 8: abd viscera Flashcards

1
Q

What organs are in the foregut and fed via the celiac trunk?

A
  • esophagus
  • stomach
  • duodenum
  • liver
  • gallbladder
  • spleen
  • pancreas
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2
Q

What organs are in the midgut and fed via superior mesenteric artery?

A
  • duodenum
  • jejunum
  • ileum
  • cecum/appendix
  • ascending colon
  • 2/3 transverse colon
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3
Q

What organs are in the hindgut and fed via the inferior mesenteric artery?

A
  • 1/3 transverse colon
  • descending and sigmoid colon
  • rectum
  • anal canal
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4
Q

What is the esophageal hiatus?

A
  • T10 where esophagus penetrates the diaphragm
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5
Q

What is the esophageal sphincter?

A
  • T11

- bu not well defined, after the cardiac orifice

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6
Q

Where is a sliding hiatus likely to occur?

A
  • esophageal hiatus

- some of stomach can herniate into thorax

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7
Q

What is a paraesophageal hiatal hernia?

A
  • allows passage of fundus of stomach through the diaphragm via defect
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8
Q

What are the two fixed ends of the stomach?

A

T10-T11 and L1-L2

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9
Q

What are the muscle layers of the stomach deep to superficial?

A
  • inner oblique
  • middle oblique layer
  • outer longitudinal layer
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10
Q

Where is the duodenum and what are the subdivisions?

A
  • L1 to L4
  • superior, descending, horizontal, ascending
  • runs from pylorus to duodenal-jejunal junction
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11
Q

What begins at the duodeno-jejunal flexure?

A

root of mesentery

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12
Q

The first portion of the duodenum is surrounded by what structure?

A
  • hepatoduodenal ligament
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13
Q

What anchors the superior portion of the duodenum?

A

hepatoduodenal ligament

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14
Q

What is significant about the descending region of the duodenum?

A
  • bile and pancreatic juices enter at the duodenal papilla
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15
Q

What structures cross the anterior surface of the horizontal duodenum?

A
  • superior mesenteric artery/vein

- root of mesentery

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16
Q

What is unique about the ascending duodenum?

A
  • no peritoneal covering
  • is anterior to the left margin of aorta
  • held in place by suspensory ligament to the right crus of diaphragm
17
Q

How does the jejunum differ from the ileum?

A
  • long vasa recta
  • larger diameter
    , more plicae circularis
18
Q

How does the ileum differ from the jejunum?

A
  • shorter vasa recta
  • less vasculature
  • smaller/thinner
  • fewer plicae circularis
19
Q

What is meckel’s diverticulum?

A
  • congenital anomaly of a leftover portion of umbilical cord, causing a bulge
20
Q

What structures does the mesentery cross in covering the jejunum and ileum?

A

3rd portion of duodenum

  • aorta
  • IVC
  • right ureter
  • right gonadal vessel
  • right psoas major
  • stops at right SI joint
21
Q

What are the regions of the large intestine?

A
  • cecum and vermiform appendix
  • ascending colon
  • right colic flexure
  • transverse colon
  • left colic flexure
  • descending colon
  • sigmoid colon
  • rectum/anal canal located in pelvis
22
Q

What are taenia coli?

A
  • 3 bands of longitudinal muscles on outer surface of intestine
  • produce haustrae to slow feces movement
23
Q

What structures are anterior to the spleen?

A
  • stomach
  • left colic flexure
  • tail of pancreas
24
Q

What tissue gives rise to the spleen?

A
  • mesoderm
25
Q

What structures are inferior to the spleen?

A
  • left kidney

- phrenicocolic ligament

26
Q

Where is the pancreas?

A
  • secondary retroperitoneal
  • L1 to L2
  • traverses from in front of spleen to the descending duodenum
27
Q

What forms the major duodenal papilla?

A
  • the hepatopancreatic ampulla, from combination of the bile duct and major pancreatic duct
28
Q

The accessory pancreatic duct enters where?

A
  • minor duodenal papilla
29
Q

What are the lobes of the liver and how is it connected to abd wall?

A
  • left/ rigth
  • caudate and quadrate
  • falciform ligament connects liver to anterior wall
30
Q

What is the bare area on the liver?

A
  • region of no peritoneal coverage, as the hepatic veins leave and enter into the IVC
31
Q

What is the porta hepatis of liver?

A
  • transverse fissure between caudate and quadrate lobes

- transmits hepatic artery, portal vein, bile duct

32
Q

What is the ligamentum teres of liver?

A
  • on edge of falcifrom

- remnants of umbilical cord

33
Q

What is the ligamentum venosum of liver?

A
  • closed ductus venosus
34
Q

Where on the abd wall does the gallbladder come in contact?

A
  • midclavicular line at 9th 10th costal cartilages
35
Q

What is the pathway that freshly made bile would travel if it were not stored, and needed to be secreted?

A
  • Lt/Rt hepatic ducts
  • common hepatic duct
  • cystic duct combines with hepatic duct
  • common bile duct
  • joins with the pancreatic duct to form major ampulla

Anatomy (18 decks)

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