Abdominal Regions Flashcards
1
Q
Loacte the right lobe of liver.
A
RUQ
2
Q
Locatte the gallbladder
A
RUQ
3
Q
Locate the part of the stomach in the RUQ.
A
pylorus of stomach
4
Q
Locate duodenum.
A
regions 1-3 located in the RUQ
5
Q
locate right suprarenal gland
A
RUQ
6
Q
locate the head of the pancreas
A
RUQ
7
Q
locate the right kidney
A
RUQ
8
Q
locate the hepatic flexure
A
Right colic hepatic flexure is in the RUQ
9
Q
locate ascending colon
A
superior portion in the RUQ
10
Q
locate the transverse colon
A
Right half in the RUQ
11
Q
locate the cecum
A
RLQ
12
Q
locate the appendix
A
RLQ
13
Q
locate the majority of ileum
A
RLQ
14
Q
locate inferior portion of ascending colon
A
RLQ
15
Q
locate right ovary
A
RLQ
16
Q
locate right uterine tube, right ureter, and right spermatic cord
A
RLQ
17
Q
If the uterus becomes enlarged can it extend into the lower quadrants?
A
yes
18
Q
locate left lobe of the liver
A
LUQ
19
Q
locate the spleen and stomach
A
LUQ
20
Q
locate the left kidney and suprarenal gland
A
LUQ
21
Q
locate the jejunum and proximal ileum
A
LUQ
22
Q
Locate sigmoid colon
A
LLQ
23
Q
locate inferior descending colon
A
LLQ
24
Q
locate left ovary and uterine tube
A
LLQ
25
locate left ureter and spermatic cord
LLQ
26
Superior of the umbilicus what structures are contained in the rectus sheath?
1. aponeurosis of ext oblique
2. aponeurosis of int oblique wraps around the rectus abdominus
3. aponeurosis of transversus abdominus
27
Inferior to the umbilicus what structures make up the rectus sheath?
1. aponeurosis of ext oblique
2. aponeurosis of int oblique
3. aponeurosis of transversus abdominus
4. all are superficial to the abdominus rectus
28
What is the arcuate line?
The region that marks the transition of what fascia is covering the rectus abdominis muscle
29
Describe the strucutre arrangement superior to the arcuate line
- the internal oblique aponeurosis separates to cover the anterior and posterior portion of the rectus abdominis
30
Describe the arangment of structures inferior to the arcuate line.
- all aponeurosis are superficial to the rectus abdominis and the rectus abdominis has a posterior border of only transversalis fascia
31
What are primary blood vessels from internal thoracic arteries that feed the anterolateral abdominal wall?
- superior epigastric vessel
| - musculophrenic vessel
32
What blood vessels from external iliac artery that feeds the anterolateral abd?
- inferior epigastric
| - deep circumflex iliac
33
What blood vessels from the femoral artery, feed the anterolateral abd?
- superficial circumflex iliac
34
What blood vessels connect from the greater saphenous vein to the anterolateral abd?
- superficial epigastric vessel
35
Where does lymph drain if inferior to the transumbilical plane?
inferiorly to the superficial inguinal lymph node
36
Where does lymph drain if superior to the transumbilical plane?
- to axillary or diaphragmatic lymph nodes
37
The internal thoracic artery gives rise to what branches?
- anteriorly to the superior epigastric
| - aterolaterally to the musculophrenic artery
38
What arteries of the abd arise off of the aorta?
- 10th, 11th posterior intercostal artery
| - subcostal artery
39
Which arteries arise from external iliac arteries?
- inferior epigastric and deep circumflex iliac
40
Which arteries of the abd arise off of the femoral artery?
- superficial circumflex
| - superficial epigastric
41
What are the 6 common causes of abd protrusion?
- food
- fluid
- fetus
- feces
- fat
- flatus
42
Sensory nerve T7 corresponds to the dermatome at what structure?
tip of xiphiod process
43
Sensory nerve T10 is where?
umbilical region
44
Sensory nerve L1 is where?
inguinal fold region
45
Intercostal muscles are innervated by what set of nerves?
- T7 to T11
46
Subcostal nerve is innervated by??
- T12
47
Lumbar nerves are innervated by what segment?
L1- L4
48
Where does the iliohypogastric nerve come from and what does it innervate?
- L1 and possibly 12
- has lateral and anterior cutaneous branches
- supplies suprapubic regions
49
Where does the ilioinguinal nerve come from and what does it innervate?
- L1
- emerges from the superficial inguinal ring
- innervates groin, scrotum, labium majus
50
Where is the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve from, and innervate?
- L1 and L2
- exits superficial inguinal ring
- innervates cremaster muscle or cutaneous labium majus
51
Where is the femoral branch of teh genitofemoral nerve from and innervate what?
- L1, L2
| - innervates skin of the femoral triangle region
52
Where will an indirect inguinal hernia pass?
- lateral to inferior epigastric vessels that enter the deep inguinal ring
- continues along the spermatic cord pathway
53
Where will a direct inguinal hernia pass?
- medial to inferior epigastric vessels through the peritoneum and transversalis fascia
54
Which inguinal hernia is more acquired and which is more congenital?
- congenital: indirect
| - acquired: direct
55
Where are femoral hernias common, and to what sex?
- upper thigh, inferior to the inguinal ligament from the femoral triangle
- common in women due to enlarged femoral triangle
56
What layer of peritoneum has abundant pain fibers?
- parietal that come from the body wall
| - visceral layer lacks pain fibers
57
What covers intraperitoneal organs?
- visceral peritoneum on both sides
58
What covers retroperitoneal organs?
- parietal peritoneum on one side
59
List primary retroperitoneal organs
- kidney
- ureter
- adrenals
- gonads
- aorta, IVC
60
List secondary retroperitoneal organs due to development organization
- part of duodenum
- pancreas
- ascending/descending colon
61
What is the structure of the mesentery?
- two layers of parietal peritoneum with blood vessels passing in between
62
The loss of mesentery suspension produces secondary retroperitoneal organs. What are some?
- duodenum
- ascending/descending colon
- cecum
63
What is omentum?
- 2 to 4 layer sheet of peritoneum attaching stomach to other viscera
64
Where does the lesser omentum come from and what structures does it attach to?
- develop from ventral mesogastrium
- forms hepatogastric ligament
- form hepatoduodenal ligament
65
Where does the greater omentum come from and what structure does it attach to?
- dorsal mesogastrium
- form gastrosplenic ligament
- form gastrophrenic ligament
- form gastrocolic ligament (stomach to transverse colon)
66
What is the falciform ligament?
- obliterated umbilical vein
| - the curved remnatn of ventral mesogastrium
67
Where is the supravesical fossa?
between median and medial umbilical folds
68
Where is the medial inguinal fossa?
- between medial and lateral umbilical folds
| - prime site for direct inguinal hernia
69
Where is the lateral inguinal fossa?
- lateral to the lateral umbilica folds
| - prime site for indirect inguinal hernias
70
Where in general are the greater and lesser sacs of the peritoneal cavity?
- greater: anterior and superior
| - lesser: more posteriorly located
71
What is the epiploic foramen?
- opening between the greater and lesser sac
72
What is contained in the hepatoduodenal ligaments?
- portal vein, hepatic artery and bile duct.
