Advanced Thorax, lungs, pleura

Question 1

Intervertebral joint

(type, articulation, ligament)

Answer 1

T: syphysis

A: adjacent vertebral bodies bound via IV disc

L: anterior/posterior ligament

Question 2

Costovertebral Joint

head of the rib (T,A, L)

Answer 2

T: synovial plane

A: head of rib 4 with superior demi-/costal facet of T4 and inferior demi-/costal facet of T3

L: radiate and intra-articular ligament

Question 3

Costotransverse Joint

(TAL)

Answer 3

T: synovial plane joint

A: tubercle of rib with transverse process of vertebra of same number

L: costotransverse lateral and superior.

Question 4

Costochondral joint

(TAL)

Answer 4

T: primary (hyaline cartilaginous)

A: lateral end of costal cartilage with sternal end of rib

L: Cartilage and bone bound by periosteum

Question 5

Interchondral Joint

(TAL)

Answer 5

T: synovial plane joint

A: between costal cartilage of 6/7, 7/8, 8/9 ribs

L: interchondral ligament

Question 6

Sternocostal Joint

(TAL)

Answer 6

T: 1st is a primary cartilaginous joint. ribs 2-7 are synovial plane joint

A: articulates with manubrium costal cartilages. 2-7th pairs of costal cartilage with sternum

L: ant/post radiate sternocostal ligament

Question 7

Sternoclavicular Joint

(TAL)

Answer 7

T: saddle type synovial

A: sternal end of clavicle, manubriumm and 1st costal cartilage

L: ant/post sternoclavicular

Question 8

Manubriosternal Joint

(TAL)

Answer 8

T: secondary cartilaginous joint

A: articulates between manubrium and sternal body

L: none

Question 9

Xiphisternal Joint

(TAL)

Answer 9

T: primary cartilaginous joint

A: articulate between the sternal body and xiphoid process.

L: none

Question 10

Label the following diagram

Answer 10

Question 11

Answer 11

Question 12

Serratus Posterior Superior

(attachment, innervation, action)

Answer 12

Attach: nuchal ligament, spine porcess, superior rib border

Inner: 2-5th intercostal nerve

Action: proprioception, and elevates rib

Question 13

Serratus Posterior Inferior

(attachment, innervation, action)

Answer 13

attach: spine process and inferior border of 8-11 ribs

Inner: anterior rami T9-T12 spinal nerves

Action: proprioception, depress ribs

Question 14

Levator Costarum

(attachment, innervation, action)

Answer 14

Attach: Transverse process T7-T11

Inner: subjacent ribs between tubercle and angle

Action: elevate ribs

Question 15

External Intercostal Muscle

(attachment, innervation, action)

Answer 15

attach: inferior rib border and superior border

Inner: intercostal nerve

Action: elevate during forced inspiration

Question 16

Internal Intercostal Muscle

(attachment, innervation, action)

Answer 16

Attach: inferior border and superior border of ribs

Inner: intercostal nerve

Action: interosseous portion depresses ribs

interchondral portion elevate ribs

only during forced respiration

Question 17

Innermost Interchondral Muscle

(attachment, innervation, action)

Answer 17

Attach: inferior and superior border of ribs

Inner: intercostal nerve

Action: interosseous portion depresses ribs

interchondral portion elevates ribs

Question 18

Subcostal Muscle

(attachment, innervation, action)

Answer 18

Attach: internal surface of lower rib and superior border 2-3 ribs below

Inner: intercostal nerve

Action: potentially elevate ribs during forced inspiration

Question 19

Transversus Thoracis Muscle

(attachment, innervation, action)

Answer 19

Attach: posterior surface of lower sternum and internal surface of costal cartilage 2-6

Inner: intercostal nerve

Action: weak depression of ribs, higher probability of proprioception

Question 20

What are the atypical ribs and how can they be different?

Answer 20

ribs 1,2,11, 12.

Differ in size, shape, and articulations

Question 21

Vertebrocostal is another way to refer to______?

Answer 21

vertebrocostal refers to the true ribs, 1-7

Question 22

Vertebrochondral refers to what # of ribs?

Answer 22

8-10, and these are also called false ribs

These ribs “fuse” cartilage with the 7th rib joint

Question 23

Ribs 11, 12 are considered what?

Answer 23

floating ribs

Question 24

What innervates the diaphragm?

Answer 24

Phrenic nerve C3-C5

which consists of both cervical and brachial plexus contributions.