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Kin 233 > Lecture 8 > Flashcards

Lecture 8 Flashcards

1
Q

what has happened in recent years with PE and sport

A

the blending of the two

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2
Q

historically what has relationship been between PE and sport

A

sharp divide

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3
Q

what type of sport are we discussing

A

where people play to win, for money, competitive sport (not u6 timbits)

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4
Q

what focus of competitive sport

A

always on winning

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5
Q

what is truth about focus of winning

A

true despite ideals, even amateur ideals always understood focus on winning

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6
Q

what is the problem we run into historically when it comes to developing youth

A

inability to separate sport development from winning

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7
Q

what is the worst thing to do when developing children in sports

A

emphasizing winning
- especially in team sports

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8
Q

if focus is on winning what happens

A

kids most often then not do not develop as players

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9
Q

example of negatives from focusing on winning when kids grow at different ages

A
  • sticking tall 12 year old in post, stops developing in ball control (may have been really good at that)
  • super fast 12 year old in soccer, kick ball long and tell kid to outrun everyone and score (in high level, everyone fast and may have been something special but development stalled because focus on one skill)
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10
Q

What is the dilemma between sport and winning

A

youth development cant be predicated on winning but sport is about winning

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11
Q

what is PE and sport in school supposed to be focused on

A

development
- develop people physically

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12
Q

what has their always been tension between

A

PE and sport

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13
Q

what have so many PE teachers or coaches internalized

A

winning message
- many played sports at high level
- must train brain not to think win, win, win with their team
- bit higher level you go more you obsess about winning

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14
Q

what has been very hard to solve

A

tension between sport/PE and winning

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15
Q

what has changed in last 30 years in PE

A

what is being taught
used to be how to learn sports
now emphasis on physical literacy, etc.

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16
Q

Where does the development of our education system start

A

ancient greeks, 2500 years ago

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17
Q

what is modern western civilization built off of

A

Greco roman ideas (greek roman)

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18
Q

up until last 70 years what has modern west idolized

A

Greco roman ideas

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19
Q

if in high school 70-80 years ago what was high likelihood they learnt

A

learnt how to read latin and speak ancient greek
- expectations to read ancient classics in original language

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20
Q

what are ideas of PE and ideals of what education is based off

A

greek ideas

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21
Q

what did greeks believe in

A

sound mind and body

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22
Q

what was ancient greeks idea of what physicality is

A

argued person needed to be strong physically as well as mentally
- to be physically strong had to have both

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23
Q

what were things that started in ancient greece

A
  • gymnasiums in western context
  • mixed martial arts
  • olympics
  • track, boxing, discus, javelin, marathons
  • all played 2500 years ago in greece
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24
Q

what does huge chunk of ideas of sport and PE go back to

A

ancient greece
- also ideas of education

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25
Q

what did greeks prize

A

education, saw its value

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26
Q

what would greek rulers often hire

A

philosophers to teach their children

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27
Q

what went hand in hand

A

wisdom and education

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28
Q

where did the terms reading, writing, and arithmetic come from

A

ancient greece

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29
Q

who conquered greeks later on

A

romans but they adopted lots of greek traditions

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30
Q

how long did rome last

A

1000+ years and was the greatest empire europe has ever seen

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31
Q

what part of roman empire collapses

A

western part

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32
Q

what happens after western part of roman empire collapses

A

period of dark ages is ushered in

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33
Q

what happens with dark ages

A

education, information, and alot of stuff romans had gets lost

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34
Q

but after dark ages what did many people do

A

looked backwards to rome for hundreds of years
- idolized roman empire

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35
Q

what began to happen after years after roman empire fell but people idolized it

A

books and info from roman empire started to make way into western europe again

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36
Q

what kind of books began to flow into western europe

A

copies of plato and socrates, etc.
- lead to rebirth in classical literature

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37
Q

what did the rebirth of classical literature (plato, socrates, etc) create

A

renaissance period

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38
Q

what is reminder of renaissance period

A
  • teenage mutant ninja turtles
  • because of names (michaelangelo, donatello)
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39
Q

what did renaissance period lead to

A

embrace roman ideals, including PE and sport
- first ever manuals on PE

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40
Q

what did western europe start to implement in renaissance period

A

lots of ideas, especially ideas of education

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41
Q

what did they attempt to bring to PE in renaissance period

A

scientific vigor

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42
Q

In 19th century in britain, what did british aristocracy do

A

send their youth to very specific private schools to get proper education
- from there go to oxford or cambridge

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43
Q

what happens when canadian colonies are created

A

aristocrats copy british educatioon system
- create upper canada college, private school in ontario
- universities like mcgill, queens, dalhousie

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44
Q

what is the emphasis in these schools in canada

A

both body and mind
emphasis on PE

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45
Q

what happens when transition from elite education to mass education

A

emphasis on PE transitions with it

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46
Q

what caused mass education

A

social gospel movement

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47
Q

how did social gospel movement cause mass education

A
  • trying to stamp out child labor
  • viewed as wrong, work was dangerous and difficult
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48
Q

social gospel movemnet

A

19th century movement, trying to do good works and cleaning up canadian society

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49
Q

where did children work

A

factories
coal mines
particularly appalled by child prostitution

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50
Q

what problem did getting rid of child labor create in urban areas

A

husband goes off to work, wife stays home but in many cases man couldnt get enough money and wife had to work
- if didnt have kids working in city, they were a burden

51
Q

what was the answer to kids being a burden

A

send them to school
- could not work but had something to do
- keeps them out of trouble
- out of way of parents

52
Q

what was the other reason for the birth of mass education

A

belief that education can benefit people

53
Q

what was the economic motive behind mass education

A

want poeple have a little education so they can work in factories

54
Q

Who created the mass education system

A

egerton ryerson
in canada west (ontario) 1844

55
Q

what does ryerson model the education system after

A

visits many places but models after united states and prussia (germany)

56
Q

what did prussia have

A

the largest and best army in the world (joke was army had a state)

57
Q

What was designed around the army in prussia

A

everything, including education system

58
Q

what was the prussian education system designed to do

A

take young german boys and train them so they’ll be able to fight in the german army

59
Q

what was prussian education system focused on

A

discipline and obediance

60
Q

what did United states have

A

not a huge army
at time becoming industrial giant of world

61
Q

what was US education system focused on

A

turning young men into proper factory workers

62
Q

what did skills in US schools focus on

A

ability to do simple, repetitive tasks for very long time, obediance, and ability to stand still

63
Q

what was canadian education system designed to do

A

take young boys and make them follow orders, sit still, and do lots of remedial tasks over and over again (still like this)

64
Q

what is different now with education system

A

used to have more discipline
but core still in place

65
Q

what were schools meant to impose

A

discipline, part of that was corporal punishment

66
Q

what was corporal punishment

A

apart of military technique

67
Q

what was the advantage of imposing discipline

A

young men already had jumpstart at military training

68
Q

what was ryerson a big supporter of

A

sound mind and sound body
- believes young people should have PA and it should be provided in schools

69
Q

what was ryerson’s beliefs of PA in schools influenced by

A

ideas of muscular christianity

70
Q

what does ryerson create to train to be physically strong in schools

A

PE as part of mass education

71
Q

what does ryerson hire to create PE

A

ex military officer

72
Q

what did PE curriculum closely model

A

basic training
- changed enough most would not recognize it in modern PE

73
Q

what were instructors for PE in beginning

A

all ex army officers
- imbedded in culture, PE teachers yelling and insulting

74
Q

examples of what they did in PE

A

Military drills, marching in formation, running, push-ups, pull-ups

75
Q

what does ryerson do with the teaching occupation

A

professionalizes it

76
Q

how do you professionalize something

A

make college, standardization, control access

77
Q

where was the first ever teaching college

A

in toronto, built by ryerson

78
Q

standardization in teaching

A

everyone teaches the same curriculum

79
Q

how do they control access of teaching profession

A

group gets to decide who can join their profession, must have teacherr degree and board of teachers decide whether you get license or not

80
Q

How does PE become a standardized practice

A

produce manuals
manual given to PE teachers so they all know proper techniques

81
Q

where did this mass standardized professional education start

A

ontario

82
Q

why did government of canada nor appoint ryerson for rest of canada

A

provinces are in control of education
government of canada does not impose standard education system across canada, provinces create systems

83
Q

what happens when provinces go to create education systems

A

everyone copies ontario system
standard model

84
Q

what causes the swell of the school system at turn of 20th century

A

government across canada starts to impose mandatory attendance

85
Q

what does mandatory atendance increase

A

number of teachers, students, and construction of schools

86
Q

how are all teachers still taught the same way

A

many teachers retire and get doctorate and teach in college, so cycle
students get taught same way as 100 years ago

87
Q

what remains when schools become mandatory attendance

A

value of movement and PE

88
Q

what drives the slow evolution of PE into the 20th century

A

new info and knowledge about body
start to figure out importance of PA

89
Q

what is the biggest change in the PE system

A

development of PE departments in universities

90
Q

what slowly makes way into PE systems and changes way they do PE

A

The departments’ developing new standards and ideals

91
Q

what shift happens when PE departments develop new standards

A

shift from militarism to play
- PE in 20th century morphs form doing military drills to playing more games (sometimes games still violent)

92
Q

what was the emphasis on after shift

A

on play, especially in younger ages

93
Q

what type of a split happens between PE teachers

A

old school PE teachers and teachers who want to play and have fun

94
Q

post 1945 what do we also start to see

A

changes in understanding of nature of sport and its relation to PE

95
Q

what did athletes not care about in sport

A

things associated with PE (nurtition, health)

96
Q

towards end of 20th century what do we start to understand

A

body and nutrition
begins to bleed over into sports

97
Q

up until 80s what were athletes not known for

A

nutrition

98
Q

what would pro athletes do

A

were really good at their sports and would do drills for their sports but that was it

99
Q

what unhealthy things did pro athletes do

A
  • common to drink before games
  • smoked during breaks
  • athletic but in very sport specific context
100
Q

what did we see in 80s and 90s developing out of PE departments

A

athletes learning if they start to take care of body and nutrition they become better at their sport

101
Q

what is interesting aspect of sport and educational institutions

A

way university sports interact with regular sports
way grade and high school sports interact with club sports

102
Q

what are two interactions between school sports and club

A

completely separate
integrated

103
Q

what is completely separate model

A

most common way educational sports interact with club sports is that they dont
treats educational sports separate from club

104
Q

what is integrated model

A
  • club system and education system are fully integrated
  • same coach, coordinate games, almost same team
  • educational team will play in club system as team
105
Q

unlike in US where does sport focus in canada

A

at club level, not education level
- club has more training, lasts longer, more advanced
- some exceptions like football

106
Q

what is new model that Canada is beginning to see

A

Schools specialize in certain sports
- like american model where schools are specifically designed to develop students in certain sports

107
Q

as general rule what is not highest level of sport in canada

A

educational institutions
- even at university level, uni sports dont act as springboard into pro sports

108
Q

in US what is primary vehicle to go pro

A

NCAA
- university acts as place to develop sport

109
Q

What do we keep university athletes as in canada

A

amateur athletes

110
Q

when did scholarships begin to be allowed

A
  • up until 90s no athletic scholarships in canada
  • still cannot get payed to play
111
Q

what is the problem with the government and sport

A

government doesn’t get involved in sport

112
Q

what is the federal system and provincial system

A

separate but equal
government of canada cannot tell sask what to do in provincial areas

113
Q

when constitution was written what did it never occur for anyone to put in it

A

health

114
Q

what is a provincial responsibility

A

education
- federal government has no input

115
Q

what is a vague thing that exists in both federal and provincial

A

health
- federal ministers of health and provincial ministers of health

116
Q

what does sport have for ministers

A

federal ministers and provincial ministers of sport

117
Q

what do federal governments do for sport

A

try not to get involved too much
- if something big or really bad happens then they get involved

118
Q

what does federal government periodically step in for

A

health

119
Q

in terms of health what do we not see

A

sustained effort from federal or provincial government

120
Q

where has focus of health devolved to

A

schools

121
Q

what do schools focus on as the primary vocal point for health

A

nutrition, mental health, and physical fitness
- incredibly problematic

122
Q

what is the problem with schools having to deal with health

A

too much of burden on them
- school counsellors, free lunches, more PA during day
- schools had to ban phones, why did they have to

123
Q

what should there be outside of schools

A

separate social entities that ensure kids are eating and mental and physical health is good

124
Q

why did schools have to step in

A

because governments havent

Kin 233 (10 decks)

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