Lecture 5 Flashcards
When was Montreal lacrosse club founded
1856
Where does lacrosse go from indigenous to Canadian sport
In Montreal
Because of number of First Nation reserves in and around Montreal
- Mohawk reserve right next to Montreal
How did lacrosse go from indigenous to Canadian sport
- cross pollination of sport between indigenous and French/English in Montreal
- French and British became enamoured with lacrosse: would watch, go to reserve and watch, invite to play in Mtl
- started to play
What was problem wen they started to play lacrosse
It was too indigenous
Wanted to make more British
Started to create rule set
What was rules they created for lacrosse
This many players, stick looks like this, play for this length
What did dr.George William beers do
Instrumental in creation of lacrosse in Canada
Published first set of rules for lacrosse
Middle class dude
What did beers believ
In muscular Christianity
Believed lacrosse could be apart of this
Help Men be stronger
muscular Christianity
Idea of need to have young strong christian men
What was the concern of the coming crisis in masculinity
- idea church was becoming too feminized
- over 50% of congregation is little old ladies
- younger men were working so young women as well
- concern was more young men needed to go to church
As lacrosse grew in popularity what would happen when play indigenous
Indigenous always smoked them
Pseudoscience
Fake science
In sports context what is pseudoscience
People attempt to find scientific or biological explanation for why one ethnicity is really good at a sport
What did they claim about indigenous and what did they do
They said they had genetic advantage when playing lacrosse
Started banning number of indigenous who can play on non First Nation teams and number of indigenous teams
What was explanation for why they were so good actually
Been playing much longer as society and players been playing since small
Why did they end up banning Iroquois players from playing lacrosse
Thought too good because of genetics
Where were indigenous allowed to play
On reserves but weren’t allowed to play in ‘civilized’ league
Why did lacrosse take sharp dip
- focus on professionalization over amateur
- cut off lifeline becuase people who become professional must be amateur first
- no focus on development, limited player pool
- football and hockey became popular
Why did professional lacrosse take sharp dip
Distance
- cost of travel too high
When did professional lacrosse league fold
1920s
Never had professional league since
What was birthed in 1940s
Box lacrosse
Played in hockey rinks empty in summer
Professional league started
Where did baseball grow in Canada
Southern Ontario
Why did baseball grow in southern Ontario
Much more interconnected with US then rest of Canada
Thrives in US
Becomes popular in Canada because very cheap to play
Field stick ball
Kids can play anywhere
George sleeman
Promotes baseball in London and leads to huge explosion of baseball success and popularity in and around London Ontario in 1870s-90s
What do some argue about leadership
That its vital in sport, business, and politics
Some emphasize other factors
What are 2 perspectives about leadership
Individual or systemic
History of sport and sport itself debate this
What does individual say
History is shaped by individuals
What does systemic say
History shaped by systemic factors and not individuals
Question of if success is result of
Individual or due to systemic factors that lead to success and individual is irrelevant to success
What does sport tend to focus on
Individual as well as system
Was baseball professional or amateur
Very early on was professional
Always had professional option as well as amateur
No question if it would stay professional
Where were homes of pro baseball in Canada
Montreal and Toronto
Why did they make semi-pro teams in Canada
Hard for Canadian amateurs to compete because good players would go play pro in states
Who started semi pro in Montreal
Jackie Robinson
Why did expos struggle in Montreal
Montreal was hockey town
Had fans but didn’t have a home
Played in Olympic stadium
What was problem with Olympic stadium
- draw 10,000 people in 50,000 person stadium
- it looks empty
- teams that are perceived to be popular, people will go watch
How could’ve montreal been saved as franchise
In 1994 montreal had best team in baseball
Why did Montreal lose team
- in 1994 owners locked out players and killed World Series
- cancelled baseball for year
- fight over money
- World Series may have saved expos
Where did Montreal get moved to
Washington
When did Toronto blue jays win World Series
1992 and 93
Since them hasn’t been goood but still draws lots of people
What are hockeys origins
Continue to be source of debate
Why does hockey start to develop in Canada
Largely due to environment
Cold and lots of lakes and rivers
How did hockey start off
- unorganized, different rules
- essentially rugby on ice for many years
- no forward pass
Where did hockey spread
Throughout a lot of northern parts of Canada
Northern Quebec, Ontario, prairies
Is hockey professional or amateur
- always professional
- becuase lower class sport at beginning
Where did professional hockey grow
Canada and north eastern US
When was first Stanley cup awarded
1893
When was Stanley cup started to be awarded to NHL play off champion
1947
what was Stanley cup originally awarded to
Governor General of Canada
Why did Stanley donate cup
Liked hockey
Started a challenge cup
How did challenge cup work
- whoever had cup was challenged by other teams across Canada
- whoever won got cup
What helped vault popularity of hockey
- Stanley cup becomes very popular
As NHL starts to take over the best teams what happens to cup
Stanley cup becomes award in NHL
What is most important thing in Europe and what is it in Canada
Europe- winning league championship
Canada- about winning cup, Stanley cup eclipsed all of the leagues
When was last time Canada won cup
1993
Bad luck since 1993?
Can’t have 30 years of bad luck, 7 different teams
Fans dont care?
Don’t care about winning, will show up and cheer team on regardless of team winning and losing, owners take money knowing fans will still pay to watch
Fans care too much?
Players dont like playing for Canadian teams because every decision is placed under a microscope
Teams are micromanaged in terms of who they buy and sell which leads to bad decisions
Teams wont bottom out?
If terrible get first draft pick, teams will deliberately suck and tell fans tehy will be better later
Can’t do in Canada becuase fans wont let you, they dont want to watch bad team
Bettman hates Canada?
Commissioner of NHL, hired in 1993, American and makes sure Canadian teams dont win
Economics
Realistic explanation
Canadian teams have higher travel budgets, players have higher tax burden
What sports started as same sport
Football, soccer, rugby
- largely unorganized with different rules based on when and where you played
When rules began to crystallize with the same sport what happened
From the rule set game split into 3 major branches
When rugby grew in Canada what was in confused with
Soccer and football
Mostly with football
What did rugby develop as
School sport
Largely amateur
Associated with high schools and universities
What is rugby rule set named after
Private school in England called rugby
What is rugby rule set named after
Private school in England called rugby
Why has Canadian rugby traditionally been good
Thanks to popularity of football
What did birth of Canadian and American football largely have to do with
Harvard-McGill match in 1874
What happens at Harvard-McGill match
- show up with different balls and decide to play both games
- Harvard likes McGill game so much it wrote to England for rugby rules, American football can be traced back to that
As rules codified on both side of border
Football was initially basically the same sport
When did Canadas football rule set last change
Hasn’t changed much starting 100 years ago
How has American football rule set changed
- evolved away from Canadian
- still evolves, very different from 20-30 years ago
Was Canadian football pro or amateur
Became very popular, professional league very early on
Who donated grey cup in 1909
Lord Albert grey
Why did soccer not take off
Overshadowed by football, lacrosse, baseball
Who brought soccer with them
Starting 1945, waves of immigrants from France, Greece, Italy, Germany
After ww2 what happens to soccer
Starts to get popular, ethnic sport in Canada (pre 90s)
Played by immigrants or children of immigrant
What happens when Latin American immigrate
Soccer continues
But still small number, dont produce a lot of good soccer
When did soccer start to get very popular
1990s
When was their a pro option for Canadians
Americans host World Cup in 1994 and part of that they agree to create a pro league
Option for Canadians
In 90s who begins to play
Women and huge increase in kids
Hockey became harder to do, so expensive and competitive
What led to professionalization of soccer in Canada
Growth of grassroots of soccer
