Lecture 4 Flashcards
Prior to 20th century society was
Much less organized
Sport was less organized
As society became more organized and structuered what happens to sport
Become more structures and took next step to develop teams and leagues
Once league was created
Leagues could play one another
Organized rules (ex, uniforms)
why rules
So fair
No one can change rules to benefit them when playing another team
What started to become heavily involved when thing began to be structure and schedules
Money
Spectators watching
Once money began to flow in what became important
Incentivizes to win
People dont watch losing teams
What is sure way of being successful to make more money
Better players
- started to pay players
What was wrong with paying players
Seen as going against British ideals of playing sports for right reason
Payed players under table
What causes fight when began paying players
Some teams were paying and others were not
Unfair
What is the dominant fight in candian sport
Amateur vs professional
What is Industrial Revolution
Creation of infrastructure and rise mechanization of labor (rise from agricultural society to industrial society)
What did new technology cause
Acted as labor savers and productivity multipliers
Instead of horse pulling plow now a tractor
Labor costs go down
When farmers get mechanization what happens
People can’t get work on farms
Go look for jobs in cities
Urbanization
Movement from people from countryside to cities
What absorbs excess labor from farmers
Factories
Prior to Industrial Revolution what was Canada primarily
A rural country
What did people moving into cities cause
Organization because urban density increases
Rules reduce conflict
What is an urban industrialized society
A time structured society
Time did not matter in countryside
Whole day is structure in city around being on time for work
Why does organized sport work in industrialized society
Everyone shows up on time
Spectators know when to show
What happens to equipment during industrialization
Mass production of sporting equipment
Decreased cost
Drives down entry costs for entry to sports
Infrastructure
Roads, railways, canals, telephones, internet
What was most important part of infrastructure for organized sports
Railways
Who started to invest money into infrastructure
Middle class
What did Canadian railways allow for
People a freedom of movement and ability to schedule their lives
Teams would travel at reliable time
Everything ran on time
Where were trains linked to
Major urban centers where teams played
What did communication infrastructure allow for sports
Easier for fans to follow when team is playing out of town
Instantaneous info
Could call and dictate story to home newspaper
Tune into radio and listen to play
From radio to tv
what was at centre of Canadian sport development in 19th century
Montreal
What goes through Montreal
All infrastructure
Birth place of organized sport
Montreal
What causes birth of organized sport
Rise in middle class
Middle class clubs where organized sport begins
What was one of first major organized sports in Canada
Snowshoes
What do snowshoe clubs lead to popularity of
Snow shoe racing
Team snow shoe racing
What did people do once snow shoe racing started
People bet and payed money to watch races
Rules develop for fairness
Once had infrastructure to have snow shoe clubs what began in summer
Biking
Organized rides and races
what team sports began to emerge from the clubs
Hockey teams and rugby teams
How do they start to build fields and stadiums
Club grows, memberships make money
What do middle class who are organizing sports and clubs start to do
Help movements to improve society
What was social gospel movement
Movement change based off of Christian values
Why was it largely Protestant movement
Middle class in Montreal were British
French ones disappeared
What does Protestantism tend to emphasize
Individual
Works (spiritual or charity works), doing good things leads to salvation
What did social gospel movement want to do
Make Canadian society better
What did the movement aim at
Vices of society (drinking, gambling, violence, prostitution, child labor)
Some of these hand in hand with sport
What was sport seem as by both sides of movement
Some saw as tied to vices
Some viewed as positive
Why did some in movement see as positive
Keeps men from getting into trouble, get violent urges out , men who are weaker become stronger, controlled violent activity
How did the movement affect sport
Needs to be carefully purified, played in specific way, for right reasons
If dont control it will lead to vices
Powerful moral element injected into sport in Canada
How does this moral element affect the amateur and professional debate
Thought is professional corrupts moral elements
Played for wrong reason
Professionalism needs to be stamped out
What was founded in 1881
Montreal amateur athletic association (MAAA)
What does MAAA do
- fights to keep sports amateur
- ban athletes caught taking money from anyone from any team associated wit MAAA
What did the amateur from MAAA cause
War between those who want to professionalize and those who want amateur
Who wanted to professionalize
Lower class
Upper and middle wanted to keep amateur
What was professionalization seen as by lower class
Could be vehicle to get out of lower class or supplement low income job
What sports ended up sliding in professionalism
Many team sports played by lower class (hockey, football)
What upper class sports stayed amateur
Track and field, swimming
What happens when amateurs and professionals would play
Amateurs could not compete
Professionals get more time to practice and can compete and train longer
What happens to professionals carreers
Began to extend longer the 20s, can keep training
Why do teams start to switch over to professionalized
To compete
What divide happens
Certain sports became amateur and certain became professional
