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Advanced Anatomy > Lecture 7: Gluteal Region & Thigh > Flashcards

Lecture 7: Gluteal Region & Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What is the lower limb held in place by?

A

Pelvic girdle

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2
Q

Bones of thigh and leg

A

Ossa Coxae
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula

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3
Q

What type of joint is the hip?

A

Ball and socket

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4
Q

The hip jt is more stable than the shoulder - so, it is __________ mobile than shoulder

A

less

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5
Q

What does the hip joint receive its stability from?

A
  1. Bony architecture
  2. Ligaments
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6
Q

The hip joint capsule is strengthened by what 3 ligaments?

A
  1. Iliogemoral ligament
  2. Pubofemoral ligament
  3. Ischiofemoral ligament
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7
Q

Is the ligament to the head of the femur strong?

A

Not really

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8
Q

What does the artery to the head of the femur do?

A

Provides some (minimal) blood to head of femur

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9
Q

Where does most blood flow to the head and neck of the femur come from?

A

Medial + Lateral Circumflex Aa.

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10
Q

Hip dislocations are when the lower limb is _________________ rotated and appears __________.

A

Medially rotated
appears shorter

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11
Q

What is the classic characteristic of congenital hip dislocation?

A

Patient can’t ABDuct thigh

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12
Q

Congenital hip dislocation treatment

A

Harness or surgery

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13
Q

Acquired hip dislocation typically occurs when…

A

Thigh is flexed, adducted, and medially rotated

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14
Q

The femurs dislocate ___________ by rupturing through the capsule in an acquired hip dislocation

A

posteriorly

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15
Q

What nerve is most likely to be injured in an acquired hip dislocation?

A

Sciatic N

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16
Q

What makes up the lumbosacral plexus?

A

Anterior rami of L1-S4

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17
Q

What does the lumbosacral plexus innervate?

A

Lower limb, lower abdominal wall, pelvis/perineum

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18
Q

The lumbrosacral plexus consists of

A

-Lumbar plexus (L1-L4)
-Sacral plexus (L4-S4)

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19
Q

What N innervates anterior thigh muscles, skin on anterior & inferomedial thigh?

A

Femoral N

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20
Q

What N innervates medial thigh muscles, skin on upper medial thigh

A

Obturator N

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21
Q

What are the main nerves of the sacral plexus?

A

-Superior gluteal
-Inferior gluteal
-Sciatic [tibial, common fibular]

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22
Q

What N innervates adductors (Glut. med., glut. min., & TFL)

A

Superior gluteal N

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23
Q

What N innervates the gluteus maximus (primary extensor of thigh/hip)

A

Inferior gluteal N

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24
Q

What does the sciatic N split into?

A

Tibial N + Common Fibular N

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25
Q

What N innervates flexors of lower limb?

A

Tibial N

26
Q

What N innervates extensors of leg?

A

Common fibular N

27
Q

Describe the cutaneous innervation of the gluteal region.

A

Mixture of posterior and anterior rami

28
Q

Gluteal regions muscles are innervated by ________________ rami.

A

Anterior

29
Q

List the lateral rotators of the thigh [gluteal muscles, other]

A

Piriformis
Superior gemellus
Obturator internus
Inferior gemellus
Quadratus femoris

30
Q

What makes up the sciatic N?

A

Anterior Rami L4-S3

31
Q

Where would you give a gluteal intramuscular injection?

A

Upper lateral quadrant of buttock

32
Q

Can you think of any NON-gluteal causes for sciatic?

A

Herniated disc

33
Q

What are the boarders of the femoral triangle?

A

Base: inguinal ligament
Lateral border” sartorius muscle
Medial border: adductor longus

34
Q

What are the contents of the femoral triangle?

A

Femoral NAVL

35
Q

What is the femoral sheath?

A

Dense CT that covers the vessels and lymphatics.

36
Q

Does the femoral sheath cover N?

A

NO

37
Q

The femoral sheath divides into compartments. List them.

A
  1. Lateral (Artery)
  2. Intermediate (Vein)
  3. Medial (Lymphatics, Areolar CT, Fat)

AVL (no N)

38
Q

Where do femoral hernias occur?

A

Femoral canal

39
Q

What is the deep fascia of the thigh?

A

Fascia Lata

40
Q

What is the IT Tract?

A

Thickening of the fascia lata on lateral side of thigh

41
Q

What is the anterior thigh sompartmetn?

A

Hip flexors, extensors of knee

42
Q

Medial compartment of thigh

A

ADDuctors of hip

43
Q

Posterior compartment of thigh

A

Extensors of hip, flexors of knee

44
Q

Lateral compartment of thigh

A

ABDuctor of hip

45
Q

What is the blood supply to the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Deep Femoral A

46
Q

The posterior compartment of the thigh innervation

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve

47
Q

Anterior compartment innervation

A

Femoral N

48
Q

Medial thigh compartment innervation

A

Obturator N

49
Q

Posterior thigh compartment innervation

A

Sciatic N

50
Q

Posterior compartment muscles

A

Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps Femoris, Long Head
Biceps Femoris, Short Head

51
Q

Innervation of biceps femoris short head

A

Common fibular division

52
Q

Only muscle in lateral compartment of thigh

A

TFL

53
Q

TFL Innervation

A

Superior gluteal N

54
Q

TFL action

A

ABDucts thigh

55
Q

Anterior compartment of thigh - innervation, action, blood supply

A

Flexors of hip joint + Knee extensors
Innervation: Femoral N
Blood supply: femoral A

56
Q

Anterior compartment muscles

A

Ilioposoas
Quadriceps Femoris
Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis

sartorius

57
Q

Medical compartment of thigh action

A

ADDuctors of thigh/hip

58
Q

Medial compartment of thigh innervation

A

Obturator N (all but 2)

59
Q

Medial compartment of thigh blood supply

A

Deep femoral A and obturator A

60
Q

Medial thigh compartment muscles

A

Pectineus
Gracilis
Adductor Longus + Brevis
Adductor Magnus
Obturator externus

61
Q

The thigh is primarily supplied by waht artery and its branches?

A

femoral artery

62
Q

Venous drainage of the thigh

A

Femoral Vein
Great Saphenous Vein

Advanced Anatomy (18 decks)

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