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Advanced Anatomy > Lecture 7: Gluteal Region & Thigh > Flashcards

Lecture 7: Gluteal Region & Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What is the lower limb held in place by?

A

Pelvic girdle

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2
Q

Bones of thigh and leg

A

Ossa Coxae
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula

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3
Q

What type of joint is the hip?

A

Ball and socket

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4
Q

The hip jt is more stable than the shoulder - so, it is __________ mobile than shoulder

A

less

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5
Q

What does the hip joint receive its stability from?

A
  1. Bony architecture
  2. Ligaments
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6
Q

The hip joint capsule is strengthened by what 3 ligaments?

A
  1. Iliogemoral ligament
  2. Pubofemoral ligament
  3. Ischiofemoral ligament
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7
Q

Is the ligament to the head of the femur strong?

A

Not really

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8
Q

What does the artery to the head of the femur do?

A

Provides some (minimal) blood to head of femur

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9
Q

Where does most blood flow to the head and neck of the femur come from?

A

Medial + Lateral Circumflex Aa.

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10
Q

Hip dislocations are when the lower limb is _________________ rotated and appears __________.

A

Medially rotated
appears shorter

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11
Q

What is the classic characteristic of congenital hip dislocation?

A

Patient can’t ABDuct thigh

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12
Q

Congenital hip dislocation treatment

A

Harness or surgery

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13
Q

Acquired hip dislocation typically occurs when…

A

Thigh is flexed, adducted, and medially rotated

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14
Q

The femurs dislocate ___________ by rupturing through the capsule in an acquired hip dislocation

A

posteriorly

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15
Q

What nerve is most likely to be injured in an acquired hip dislocation?

A

Sciatic N

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16
Q

What makes up the lumbosacral plexus?

A

Anterior rami of L1-S4

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17
Q

What does the lumbosacral plexus innervate?

A

Lower limb, lower abdominal wall, pelvis/perineum

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18
Q

The lumbrosacral plexus consists of

A

-Lumbar plexus (L1-L4)
-Sacral plexus (L4-S4)

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19
Q

What N innervates anterior thigh muscles, skin on anterior & inferomedial thigh?

A

Femoral N

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20
Q

What N innervates medial thigh muscles, skin on upper medial thigh

A

Obturator N

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21
Q

What are the main nerves of the sacral plexus?

A

-Superior gluteal
-Inferior gluteal
-Sciatic [tibial, common fibular]

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22
Q

What N innervates adductors (Glut. med., glut. min., & TFL)

A

Superior gluteal N

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23
Q

What N innervates the gluteus maximus (primary extensor of thigh/hip)

A

Inferior gluteal N

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24
Q

What does the sciatic N split into?

A

Tibial N + Common Fibular N

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25
What N innervates flexors of lower limb?
Tibial N
26
What N innervates extensors of leg?
Common fibular N
27
Describe the cutaneous innervation of the gluteal region.
Mixture of posterior and anterior rami
28
Gluteal regions muscles are innervated by ________________ rami.
Anterior
29
List the lateral rotators of the thigh [gluteal muscles, other]
Piriformis Superior gemellus Obturator internus Inferior gemellus Quadratus femoris
30
What makes up the sciatic N?
Anterior Rami L4-S3
31
Where would you give a gluteal intramuscular injection?
Upper lateral quadrant of buttock
32
Can you think of any NON-gluteal causes for sciatic?
Herniated disc
33
What are the boarders of the femoral triangle?
Base: inguinal ligament Lateral border" sartorius muscle Medial border: adductor longus
34
What are the contents of the femoral triangle?
Femoral NAVL
35
What is the femoral sheath?
Dense CT that covers the vessels and lymphatics.
36
Does the femoral sheath cover N?
NO
37
The femoral sheath divides into compartments. List them.
1. Lateral (Artery) 2. Intermediate (Vein) 3. Medial (Lymphatics, Areolar CT, Fat) AVL (no N)
38
Where do femoral hernias occur?
Femoral canal
39
What is the deep fascia of the thigh?
Fascia Lata
40
What is the IT Tract?
Thickening of the fascia lata on lateral side of thigh
41
What is the anterior thigh sompartmetn?
Hip flexors, extensors of knee
42
Medial compartment of thigh
ADDuctors of hip
43
Posterior compartment of thigh
Extensors of hip, flexors of knee
44
Lateral compartment of thigh
ABDuctor of hip
45
What is the blood supply to the posterior compartment of the thigh?
Deep Femoral A
46
The posterior compartment of the thigh innervation
Tibial division of sciatic nerve
47
Anterior compartment innervation
Femoral N
48
Medial thigh compartment innervation
Obturator N
49
Posterior thigh compartment innervation
Sciatic N
50
Posterior compartment muscles
Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris, Long Head Biceps Femoris, Short Head
51
Innervation of biceps femoris short head
Common fibular division
52
Only muscle in lateral compartment of thigh
TFL
53
TFL Innervation
Superior gluteal N
54
TFL action
ABDucts thigh
55
Anterior compartment of thigh - innervation, action, blood supply
Flexors of hip joint + Knee extensors Innervation: Femoral N Blood supply: femoral A
56
Anterior compartment muscles
Ilioposoas Quadriceps Femoris Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis sartorius
57
Medical compartment of thigh action
ADDuctors of thigh/hip
58
Medial compartment of thigh innervation
Obturator N (all but 2)
59
Medial compartment of thigh blood supply
Deep femoral A and obturator A
60
Medial thigh compartment muscles
Pectineus Gracilis Adductor Longus + Brevis Adductor Magnus Obturator externus
61
The thigh is primarily supplied by waht artery and its branches?
femoral artery
62
Venous drainage of the thigh
Femoral Vein Great Saphenous Vein

Advanced Anatomy (18 decks)

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