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Medsci 307 > Lecture 7: Glutamate > Flashcards

Lecture 7: Glutamate Flashcards

1
Q

Glutamate comes from what and with what enzyme?

A

Glutamine

Glutaminase

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2
Q

Where is glutamate formed?

A

cytoplasm

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3
Q

Inactivation of glutamate?

A

Reuptake - neurons/glia

Metabolism - in astrocytes via glutamine synthetase

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4
Q

4 pathways?

A
  1. corticofugal (front cortex to pons)
  2. Allocortical (old cortex)
  3. primary afferents in dorsal horn spinal cord
  4. commisural fibers
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5
Q

AMPA receptors are gated in which way?

A

Via ligands only

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6
Q

Basic mechanism of AMPA receptors?

A

Glutamate binds
Na influx
Depolarisation

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7
Q

What are subunits of AMPAR?

A

GluR1-4

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8
Q

If the AMPAR does have a certain subunit, it doesn’t pass Ca. Which subunit?

A

GluR2

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9
Q

What is an antagonist of AMPAR?

A

NBQX

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10
Q

What are the subunits of Kainate receptors?

A

GluR5-7

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11
Q

What type of protein is the metabotrophic receptors?

A

G-protein linked

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12
Q

What are the subunits of the metabotrophic receptors?

A 
Group 1 (mGluR1 and 5)
Group 2 (mGluR2 and 3)
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13
Q

What do mGluR1 and 5 do?

A

Activate Phospholipase C (increasing IP3 and DAG), increasing Ca for depol, and increasing PKC

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14
Q

What does mGluR2 and 3 do? What are the affects of agonists on these receptors?

A

Gi linked (affects adenylate cyclase)
pre-synaptic depression
agonits are neuroprotective

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15
Q

How are NMDA receptors gated?

A

Voltage and ligand

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16
Q

5 binding sites of NMDA?

A
  1. NMDA/glutamate
  2. Strychnine-intensive glycine
  3. Phenylcyclidine
  4. Zinc
  5. Polyamine
17
Q

What does the strychnine-intensive glycine binding site on the NMDA receptor do?

A

Incr. opening of the channel

Co-agonist of glutamate

18
Q

What does phenylcyclidine (angel dust) do on NMDAR?

A

Decr. channel action

Non-competitive antagonist to glutamate

19
Q

Basic NMDA mechanism?

A

Depol. from AMPA
efflux Mg
influx Ca

Medsci 307 (10 decks)

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