lecture 7 elbow and wrist

Question 1

the elbow is composed of

Answer 1

Humerus
radius
ulna

Question 2

joints of the elbow

Answer 2

ulnohumeral joint
radiohumeral joint
forearm joint: proximal radioulnar joint

Question 3

ulnohumeral and radiohumeral ligaments

Answer 3

articular capsule, medial collateral ligament, lateral collateral ligament

Question 4

proximal radioulnar ligaments

Answer 4

annular ligament- holds the head of the radius against the ulna

Question 5

interosseous membrane

Answer 5

interconnects radius and ulna

Question 6

movements of the elbow

Answer 6

flexion and extension

Question 7

flexors of the elbow

Answer 7

biceps brachii
brachial
brachioradialis

Question 8

biceps brachii
origin
insertion
action

Answer 8

origin: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
SH: tip of the coracoid process
insertion: radial tuberosity and fascia of the forearm
action: spuinwtes the forearm and flexes the elbow. short head resists dislocation of the shoulder

Question 9

brachialis

Answer 9

origin: distal 1/2 of the anterior humerus
insertion: coronoid process and tuberosity of the ulna
action: flexes the elbow in all positions

Question 10

brachioradialis

Answer 10

origin: proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
insertion: lateral surface of the distal end of humerus
action: flexes elbow joint, in semi-pronated position

Question 11

articular capsule

Answer 11

encloses all three articulations

Question 12

medial collateral ligament

Answer 12

provides resistance to valgus forces

Question 13

later collateral ligament

Answer 13

provides resistance to various forces

Question 14

extensors of the elbow

Answer 14

triceps brachii
anconeus

Question 15

triceps brachii

Answer 15

Origin: Long Head – infraglenoid
tubercle of the scapula.
* Lateral Head – Posterior surface of
the humerus, superior to the radial
grove.
* Medial Head – Posterior surface of
the humerus, inferior to the radial
groove.
* Insertion: Proximal end of the
olecranon of the ulna and fascia of
the forearm.
* Action: Primary extensor of the
elbow joint. Long head resists
dislocation of the shoulder,
especially during adduction.

Question 16

anconeus

Answer 16

origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
insertion: lateral surface of the olecranon and superior part of the posterior surface of the ulna
action: assistis triceps in extending the elbow and stabilizes elbow, may abduct the ulna during pronation

Question 17

actions of the forearm

Answer 17

pronation and supination

Question 18

supination of the forearm

Answer 18

biceps brachii
supinator

Question 19

supinator

Answer 19

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial
collateral and annular ligaments, supinator
fossa and crest of ulna
* Insertion: Lateral, posterior and anterior
surfaces of proximal 1/3 of radius
* Action: Supinates forearm (i.e., rotates radius
to turn palm anteriorly)

Question 20

pronators of the forearm

Answer 20

pronator quadratus
pronator teres

Question 21

pronator quadratus

Answer 21

Origin: Distal ¼ of anterior surface of
the ulna
* Insertion: Distal 1/4 of anterior
surface of radius
* Action: Pronates forearm; deep fibers
bind radius and ulna together

Question 22

pronator teres

Answer 22

Origin: Humeral head: Medial
Epicondyle of the humerus.
* Ulnar Head: Coronoid process of the
ulna.
* Insertion: Middle convexity of the
lateral surface of the radius
* Action: Pronates the Forearm and
Flexes the Elbow

Question 23

the wrist is composed of

Answer 23

ulna
radius
carpals

Question 24

the carpals

Answer 24

scaphoid
lunate
triquetrum
pisiform
ttrapezium
trapezoid
capitate
hamate

Question 25

joints of the wrist

Answer 25

radiocarpal mid carpal inter carpal

Question 26

radoiocarpal joint: ligaments

Answer 26

posterior (dorsal) = restrains flexion anterior (palmar)= restrains extension radial collateral= restrains ulna deviation ulnar collateral= restrains radial deviation

Question 27

carpal joints: ligaments

Answer 27

1. Anterior & Posterior Interosseous Carpal Ligaments * holds carpal bones together - reinforced by the shape and interlocking structure of the bones 2. Flexor Retinaculum * The roof of the carpal tunnel which the median nerve and flexor tendons pass through

Question 28

carpal tunnel

Answer 28

created by flexor Retinaculum 4 “Pillars” * Hook of the Hamate * Pisiform * Ridge of the Trapezium * Scaphoid Tubercle Contains 9 tendons & 1 Nerve * Flexion will decrease size of the tunnel. Extreme extension will also decrease the size of the tunnel

Question 29

movements of wrist

Answer 29

flexion/ extension, radial deviation/ ulnar deviation

Question 30

flexors of the wrist

Answer 30

flexor carpi radialis flexor carpi ulnaris palmaris longus

Question 31

flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 31

Origin: Humeral Head- Medial Epicondyle of the humerus. * Ulnar Head – Olecranon and posterior border of the Ulna. * Insertion: Pisiform, hook of the hamate and 5th metacarpal bone * Action: Flexes & ulnarlly deviates Wrist Joint

Question 32

flexor carpi radialis

Answer 32

Origin: Medial Epicondyle of the humerus. * Insertion: Base of the 2nd Metacarpal * Action: Flexes & radially deviates Wrist Joint

Question 33

palmaris longus

Answer 33

Origin: Medial Epicondyle of the humerus. * Insertion: Distal half of the flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis.  Action: Flexes the wrist and tightens the palmar aponeurosis

Question 34

extensors of the wrist

Answer 34

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus * Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis * Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Question 35

extensor carpi radialis longus

Answer 35

Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus * Insertion: Base of 2nd metacarpal * Action: Extend and radially deviates the wrist joint

Question 36

extensor carpi radialis brevis

Answer 36

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus * Insertion: Base of 3rd metacarpal * Action: Extend and radially deviates the wrist joint

Question 37

extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 37

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna insertion: base of 5th metacarpal action: extends ulnarlly hand at wrist joint

Question 38

ulnar deviators of the wrist

Answer 38

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris* * Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Question 39

flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 39

origin: humeral head- medial epicondyle of the humerus ulnar head- olecranon and posterior border of the ulna insertion: pisiform, hook of the hamate and 5th metacarpal bone action: flexes & ulnarlly deviates wrist joint

Question 40

redial deviators of the wrist

Answer 40

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus* * Flexor Carpi Radialis

Question 41

extensor carpi radialis longus

Answer 41

Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus * Insertion: Base of 2nd metacarpal * Action: Extend and radially deviates the wrist joint

Question 42

flexor carpi radialis

Answer 42

Origin: Medial Epicondyle of the humerus. * Insertion: Base of the 2nd Metacarpal * Action: Flexes & radially deviates the Wrist Joint