Lecture 7 Flashcards
Amphipathic molecule
Molecule having both a hydrophilic region and hydrophobic region
Concentration gradient
Concentration gradientA region along which the density of a chemical substance increases or decreases
Cotransport
The coupling of the downhill diffusion of one substance of the uphill transport of another against it’s own concentration gradient
Diffusion
The spontaneous movement of a substance down its concentration gradient from a region where it’s more concentrated to a region where it is less concentrated
Endocytosis
Cellular uptake of biological molecules and particulate matter via formation of new vesicles from the plasma membrane
Exocytosis
The cellular secretion of biological molecules by the fusion of vesicles containing them with the plasma membrane
Facilitated diffusion
The spontaneous passage of molecules or ions across A biological membrane with the assistance of specific transmembrane transport proteins
Gated channel
Hey transmembrane protein channel that opens or closes in response to a particular stimulus
Hypertonic solution
Referring to a solution that when surrounding the cell will cause the cell to lose water
Hypotonic solution
Referring to a solution that once running to sell because the cell to take up water
Isotonic solutions
Referring to a solution that when surrounding the cell has no effect on the passage of water into or out of the cell
Ligand
A molecule that binds specifically to another molecule usually larger one
Osmosis
Diffusion through water
Passive transport
The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane with no expenditure of energy
Peripheral proteins
A protein loosely bound to the surface of the membrane or to the part of an integral proteins and not embedded in the lipid bilayer
Phagocytoses
A type of endocytosis in which large particular substances are taken up by a cell
Pinocytosis
A type of endocytosis in which the cell and just extracellular fluid and is dissolved solute
Receptor – mediated endocytosis
The movement of specific molecules into the cell by the Inward budding of membrane vesicles containing proteins with receptor site specific to the molecules being taken in
Selective permeability
A property of biological membranes that allows them to regulate the passage of substances
Sodium – potassium pump
The transport proteins in the plasma membrane of animal cells that actively transport sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell
Transport proteins
Transmembrane protein that helps a certain substance or class of closely related substances to cross the membrane
Active transport
The movement of a substance across the cell membrane
