Lecture 6 (Smoking/Vaping Toxicities) Flashcards
where does nicotine get its name?
from French adventurer Jean Nicot
he popularized tobacco
who was Dr. Raymond Pearl and what did he do?
first doctor who warned that smokers do not live as long as non-smokers
___ is the first and major disease linked to smoking
lung cancer
what was on the surgeon general’s cigarette warning?
lung cancer
heart disease
emphysema
may complicate pregnancy
how many harmful chemicals are in smoke?
~93 – close to 100
in terms of nicotine,
1 pod is equivalent to…
2 packs of cigarettes
lung function assessments:
static lung measurements
lung volume
pressure volume relationship
compliance or stiffness of lung
lung function assessments:
dynamic measurements
resistance and dynamic compliance
flow volume relationship –> forced expiration
lung function assessments:
what are other assessments?
blood gas/oximetry
diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO)
mucociliary clearance
lung function assessments:
what does nitrogen washout do?
small air way distribution by [exhaled gas nitrogen]; [N2]/vol
what is elastance (E)?
dP/dV
pressure required to inflate the lungs
what is compliance (C)?
dV/dP
opposite and reciprocal of elastance
characteristics of obstructive lung function
emphysema (alveoli enlarge, bad at breathing out carbon monoxide, but can hold more volume)
low DLCO
high TLC or compliance
characteristics of restrictive lung function
fibrosis (scarring in alveoli decrease how much volume they can hold)
low DLCO
low TLC or compliance
