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HSCI 360 > Lecture 10 (Frozen Addicts) > Flashcards

Lecture 10 (Frozen Addicts) Flashcards

1
Q

what is the toxic chemical byproduct from synthetic heroin that causes PD-like symptoms?

A

MPTP

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2
Q

what is synthetic heroin?

A

MPPP

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3
Q

what makes MPTP toxic?

A

MPTP is not toxic in itself, but is selectively neurotoxic to just the substantial nigral dopamine neurons (A8 and A9 cells only)

mono-amine oxidase B converts MPTP to MPP+ –> in astrocytes and some serotonergic neurons too –> kills dopamine neurons

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4
Q

what enzyme converts MPTP to MPP+

A

MOA

mono-amine oxidase B

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5
Q

how to block effects of MPTP/MPP+?

A

use MOA-B inhibitor

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6
Q

what is an MOA-B inhibitor?

A

selegiline and rasagiline

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7
Q

how to treat drug-induced Parkinsonism?

A

dopamine replacement therapy

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8
Q

what pesticide is similar to MPP+?

A

paraquat

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9
Q

what kind of drugs target dopamine system?

A

stimulant drugs

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10
Q

what brain system do stimulant drugs target?

A

dopamine system

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11
Q

how do stimulant drugs affect the dopamine system?

A

block DAT activity

cause intracellular DA release

increase DA release

all lead to increased activity of DA receptors

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12
Q

dopamine system is a major regulator of our ___ in the brain

A

reward pathways

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13
Q

___ system is often target for hallucinogenic drugs

A

serotonin

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14
Q

serotonin system is often target for ___

A

hallucinogenic drugs

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15
Q

how do hallucinogenic drugs like LSD and MDMA work?

A

increase synaptic 5-HT (serotonin) levels or act directly on 5-HT receptors

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16
Q

how do opioids suppress firing between neurons?

A

by targeting opioid receptors throughout the brain

17
Q

how do heroin and other opioids reduce firing b/n neurons?

A

by increasing the chloride ion levels inside the neurons and blocking calcium signaling

18
Q

how does naloxone work?

A

it is an opioid receptor antagonist –> competes for binding with drugs of abuse –> direct reverses effects of heroin or other opioids

19
Q

what is the main target of opioids?

A

MOR (G-protein)

20
Q

what kind of receptors do class I drugs target?

A

activate G-protein-coupled receptors

21
Q
A

HSCI 360 (13 decks)

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