Lecture 6 Nervous Tissue

Question 1

Motor neurons and interneurons are examples of _____ neurons

Answer 1

multipolar

Question 2

Bipolar neurons have 1 dendrite and axon and include retina and _______ receptor neurons

Answer 2

olfactory

Question 3

______ neurons consist of one branch extending to the CNS and the other to a peripheral ending

Answer 3

Pseudounipolar

Question 4

the ______ _______ mechanism is the initial segment of an axon (also called axon hillock)

Answer 4

impulse initiating

Question 5

Nissl bodies are found in cell bodies of neurons and are highly developed ______

Answer 5

rER

Question 6

The ______ ______ will have a clear appearance near the exit from a soma

Answer 6

axon hillock

Question 7

Plasma membrane of the axon is the _____. The cytoplasm of an axon is called _____

Answer 7

axolemma

axoplasm

Question 8

_____ can transport enzymes, proteins, and NTs in the orthograde direction of an axon

Answer 8

Kinesin

Question 9

____ can transport organelles and vesicles in the retrograde direction. Retrograde flow can carry ____ and toxins along the axon into the CNS

Answer 9

Dynein

viruses

Question 10

Dendrite cytoplasm lacks _____

Answer 10

golgi

Question 11

______ spines are specialized for synaptic contact

Answer 11

dendritic

Question 12

NT binding a receptor on the post synaptic membrane causes this ion channel to open:

Answer 12

Na

Question 13

The left-over NT can be enzymatically degraded in the clef or taken up via ______ _____ ______ and degraded

Answer 13

receptor mediated endocytosis

Question 14

the synaptic _____ is a narrow space between pre and post synaptic membranes

Answer 14

cleft

Question 15

______ are the largest of neuroglia and have vascular feet that attach to capillary walls

Answer 15

astrocytes

Question 16

astrocytes are localized benath the ____ of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 16

pia

Question 17

______ astrocytes have many short and thick branches and are found in CNS gray matter

Answer 17

protoplasmic

Question 18

_____ astrocytes have long, slender, and infrequently branch processes and are found in CNS white matter

Answer 18

fibrous

Question 19

_____ are phagocytic cells derived from bone marrow monocytes

Answer 19

microglia

Question 20

_____ cells line the neural tube and ventricles of brain and often contain motile cilia

Answer 20

ependymal

Question 21

Ependymal cells and associated capillary loops that are modified to produce CSF =

Answer 21

choroid plexus

Question 22

_____ contribute to the blood-brain barrier. They are also recruited to areas of damaged CNS tissue where they form scar tissue

Answer 22

astrocytes

Question 23

Myelin sheath is made of a _____ complex

Answer 23

lipoprotein

Question 24

dark regular lines of myelin that represent the line of fusion of cytoplasmic surfaces of schwann cells =

Answer 24

major dense lines

Question 25

Less regular lines that are sites of close contact of extracellular surfaces of schwann cell membranes=

Answer 25

interperiod lines

Question 26

Nerve fibers are divided into 3 classes based on conduction velocites: ____ are thin, non-myelinated with slow velocity ____are large, myelinated and make up motor neurons ___ are smaller, with medium connection velocity

Answer 26

Type C Type A Type B

Question 27

Small clefts or fissures in the myelin are called ____ clefts. These result from discontinutities in myelin lamellae packaging

Answer 27

schmidt-lantermann

Question 28

Waviness is the hallmark of _____ nerve fibers

Answer 28

non-myelinated

Question 29

Nerves are surrounded by a dense connective tissue layer called _____

Answer 29

epineurium

Question 30

Nerve fiber bundles are surrounded by ____

Answer 30

perineurium

Question 31

Schwann cell sheathed axons within the fiber bundle are surrounded by a connective tissue ______

Answer 31

endoneurium

Question 32

_____ fibers have a spoke wheel appearance in microscopy

Answer 32

myelinated

Question 33

Ganglion are aggregations of nerve cell bodies ______ the CNS

Answer 33

outside

Question 34

Gray matter consists of a broad anterior horn and a narrow posterior horn joined by a central _____

Answer 34

commisure

Question 35

The anterior horn contains large _____ neurons

Answer 35

motor

Question 36

____ corpuscles respond to vibration, pressure, and tension in the subcutaneous tissue

Answer 36

pacini's

Question 37

_____ corpuscles are touch receptors common in finger pads. They are involved in _ point discrimination

Answer 37

meissner's | 2

Question 38

____ cells act as a pressure and texture sensor and are also involved in 2-point discrimination

Answer 38

Merkel

Question 39

Substances bigger than ____ daltons generally cannot cross the blood-brain barrier

Answer 39

500

Question 40

____ neurons are motor neurons while _____ are sensory

Answer 40

Efferent, afferent

Question 41

Axons contain abundant ______ and microtubules, while dendrites contain microtubules but very few ________

Answer 41

neurofilaments | neurofilaments

Question 42

Another name for schwann cell sheath is _____

Answer 42

neurolemma

Question 43

________ plexus is made up of parasympathetic ganglion in the walls of lower GI tract

Answer 43

auerbach's

Question 44

_____ soluble drugs can pass the blood brain barrier

Answer 44

lipid