Lecture 5 Organelles Flashcards
Mitochondrion have an outer bonding membrane and inner membrane that invaginate to form ____
cristae
Matrix granules of mitochondrion increase in number when ____ increase in cytoplasm
cations
Matrix of mitochondria contains all the enzymes of the TCA cycle other than _____
succinate dehyrdogenase
Elementary particles of mitochondrion contain_____
ATP synthase
Mitochondrial have their own genetic apparatus composed of ____ DNA, mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
circular
____ are integral outer membrane proteins that form channels to allow small molecoules to freely pass from cytoplasm to intermembrane space
Porins
Mitochondria linked diseases mainly affect tissues/organs with high _____ requirement
energy
_____ are among the first organelles to show that something is wrong in the cell.
Mitochondria
rER stains ____ with H and E stains
basophilic/purple
____ is the site of noncytosolic protein synthesis (ie for secretory, plasma-membrane, and lysosomal proteins)
rER
the interior ER region is called the lumen or ____
cisterna
rER is abundant in cells synthesizing ____
secretory proteins
phospholipids for new membranes are produced in the ____ half of the ER
Cytosolic
Many proteins have N-linked ________ attached in the ER and are further modified in the ____
oligosaccharides
golgi
Smooth ER lack _____
ribosomes
Smooth ER is found abundantly in ______ synthesizing cells and in cells involved in synthesis of triglycerides
steroid
examples=leydig cells
_____ is involved in drug detoxification (contains cytochrome P450
Smooth ER
The ____ consists of several sticks of disk shaped saccules.
Golgi
_____ staining does not stain golgi
H and E
____ modifies N-oligosaccharides, distrubutes non-cytosolic proteins, assembles proteoglycans, and adds mannose-6-phosphate to proteins targeted for lysosomes
Golgi
Golgi consists of 2 faces: _____ face, which is located at the side of the stack facing the rER and is associated with small transfer vesicles and the _____ face, which comprises the maturing cisternae and secretory granules
cis,
trans
Peroxisomes are organelles found primarily in the _____, as well as skeletal muscle and kidney
liver
Peroxisomes can be identified by a cytochemical reaction for ____ and a nucleoid
catalase
_____ contain oxidative enzymes involved beta-oxidation of long chain fatty acids and the detoxification of substances such as ethanol
Peroxisomes
____ breakdown hydrogen peroxide and participates in cholesterol synthesis, containing the critical HMG-CoA reductase
peroxisomes
_____ syndrome is a peroxisome related disease that causes fatty acids to accumulate in tissue
Zellweger
Pigments, lipids, crystals, and granules are all examples of _____
inclusions
______ and ______ are the only organelles not visible with a light microscope
Ribosomes
plasma membrane
______ is a mitochondrial-linked disease that causes paralysis of eye muscles
CPEO
______ is a mitochondrial linked disease involving abnormal movements due to muscular rigidity. It is frequently accompanied by degeneration of the basal ganglia
Dystonia
____ is a mitochondrial-linked disease where CPEO is combined with disorders such as renal deterioration, heart disease, hearing loss, and diabetes
KSS
____ syndrome is a mitochondrial linked disease characterized by progressive loss of motor and verbal skills and degeneration of the basal ganglia.
Leigh’s
LHON is a ______-linked disease characterized by permanent of temporary blindness due to damage to the optic nerve
mitochonria
_ ER is studded with ribosomes while _ ER does not contain any
Rough, smooth
____ ER in hepatocytes is increased by drugs such as phenobarbital
smooth
The ____ golgi network lies apart from the last cisterna is separated from the golgi stack
trans
