Lecture 2-epithelium

Question 1

What are cancers of epithelium called?

Answer 1

Carcinomas

Question 2

Epithelium are separated by underlying connective tissue by a ______, which consists of ____ lamina and ____ lamina

Answer 2

Basement membrane
Basal (type 4 collagen)
Reticular (Type 3 collagen)

Question 3

Functions of basal lamina (4)

Answer 3

Attachment
Filtration (nutrients come in)
Tissue Compartamentalization
Confers cell polarity and shape

Question 4

Lining of vascular system is called _____

Answer 4

endothelium (simple squamous)

Question 5

Lining of body cavities is called ____

Answer 5

mesothelium (simple squamous)

Question 6

Simple squamous cells can be found in ___ and ____

Answer 6

bowman’s capsule of kidney, lining of respiratory spaces

Question 7

3 areas stratified squamous epithelia can be found

Answer 7

epidermis, lining of oral cavity, lining of vagina

Question 8

In stratified squamous cells, new cells originate at the ____ (basal lamina or apical head).

Answer 8

basal lamina

they move to surface as they age, and get flatter

Question 9

____ stratified squamous cells can be found on the palm of hand and in callouses, and consist of an outer layer of ____ cells

Answer 9

Keratinized

dead

Question 10

Simple cuboidal cells can be found in 3 areas:

Answer 10

small ducts of exocrine glands, kidney tubules, ovary epithelium

Question 11

____ cells (type of epithelium) are usually found in the lining of the stomach, colon, and gallbladder, as well as the gastric glands.

Answer 11

Simple columnar

They sometimes have a brush border of microvilli.

Question 12

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium appear to have many layers, but all cells are in contact with ____. Examples of structures they line include:

Answer 12

basal lamina
trachea, bronchi, ductus deferens,

can be cilliated.

Question 13

Stratified cuboidal cells can be found at ___, ____, and ____

Answer 13

sweat gland ducts, anorectal junction, large ducts of exocrine glands

usually just 2-3 layers of cuboidal cells.

Question 14

____ columnar line the largest exocrine gland ducts. Their nuclei have an ___ shape

Answer 14

Stratified
oval

usually more than 3 layers

Question 15

____ epithelium is only found in urinary systems

Answer 15

transitional

Question 16

the hallmark of transitional epithelium is a ____ appearance when relaxed

Answer 16

scallopped.

Question 17

What is the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?

Answer 17

exocrine glands secrete products onto surface via ducts. Endocrine glands have no ducts and secrete into connective tissue spaces

Question 18

The three classification of glands based on shape are :

Answer 18

acinar (‘sac’), alveolar (like a tube), and tubular (straight, coiled, branched). example of tubular=goblet cell.

Question 19

There are 2 types of gland secretions: ___ and ____. ___ glands secrete viscous material which protects cell surfaces and appear translucent in H and E stains and ____ in a PAS stain. ____ secretions are slightly stained in an H and E stain.

Answer 19

Mucus, serous
Mucus gland, magenta
Serous

Question 20

In _____ secretion, cells release their contents by exocytosis. An example is _____ salivary gland

Answer 20

merocine

parotid

Question 21

Simple columnar cells may have a _____ border when in the intestine.

Answer 21

Microvillus

Question 22

Goblet cells are an example of ______ glands

Answer 22

unicellular

Question 23

Only _____ glands can have mixed secretions

Answer 23

multicellular

Question 24

In ____ secretion, the entire secretory cell along with its contents are released. An example is the _______ gland found along hair follicles.

Answer 24

Holocrine

sebaceous

Question 25

In _____ secretion, part of the secretory cell apical cytoplasm is released along with its contents. An example is a ______ ______ gland

Answer 25

apocrine lactating mammary