Lecture 2-epithelium Flashcards
What are cancers of epithelium called?
Carcinomas
Epithelium are separated by underlying connective tissue by a ______, which consists of ____ lamina and ____ lamina
Basement membrane
Basal (type 4 collagen)
Reticular (Type 3 collagen)
Functions of basal lamina (4)
Attachment
Filtration (nutrients come in)
Tissue Compartamentalization
Confers cell polarity and shape
Lining of vascular system is called _____
endothelium (simple squamous)
Lining of body cavities is called ____
mesothelium (simple squamous)
Simple squamous cells can be found in ___ and ____
bowman’s capsule of kidney, lining of respiratory spaces
3 areas stratified squamous epithelia can be found
epidermis, lining of oral cavity, lining of vagina
In stratified squamous cells, new cells originate at the ____ (basal lamina or apical head).
basal lamina
they move to surface as they age, and get flatter
____ stratified squamous cells can be found on the palm of hand and in callouses, and consist of an outer layer of ____ cells
Keratinized
dead
Simple cuboidal cells can be found in 3 areas:
small ducts of exocrine glands, kidney tubules, ovary epithelium
____ cells (type of epithelium) are usually found in the lining of the stomach, colon, and gallbladder, as well as the gastric glands.
Simple columnar
They sometimes have a brush border of microvilli.
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium appear to have many layers, but all cells are in contact with ____. Examples of structures they line include:
basal lamina
trachea, bronchi, ductus deferens,
can be cilliated.
Stratified cuboidal cells can be found at ___, ____, and ____
sweat gland ducts, anorectal junction, large ducts of exocrine glands
usually just 2-3 layers of cuboidal cells.
____ columnar line the largest exocrine gland ducts. Their nuclei have an ___ shape
Stratified
oval
usually more than 3 layers
____ epithelium is only found in urinary systems
transitional
the hallmark of transitional epithelium is a ____ appearance when relaxed
scallopped.
What is the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?
exocrine glands secrete products onto surface via ducts. Endocrine glands have no ducts and secrete into connective tissue spaces
The three classification of glands based on shape are :
acinar (‘sac’), alveolar (like a tube), and tubular (straight, coiled, branched). example of tubular=goblet cell.
There are 2 types of gland secretions: ___ and ____. ___ glands secrete viscous material which protects cell surfaces and appear translucent in H and E stains and ____ in a PAS stain. ____ secretions are slightly stained in an H and E stain.
Mucus, serous
Mucus gland, magenta
Serous
In _____ secretion, cells release their contents by exocytosis. An example is _____ salivary gland
merocine
parotid
Simple columnar cells may have a _____ border when in the intestine.
Microvillus
Goblet cells are an example of ______ glands
unicellular
Only _____ glands can have mixed secretions
multicellular
In ____ secretion, the entire secretory cell along with its contents are released. An example is the _______ gland found along hair follicles.
Holocrine
sebaceous
In _____ secretion, part of the secretory cell apical cytoplasm is released along with its contents. An example is a ______ ______ gland
apocrine lactating mammary
