lecture 6 intergroup behaviour Flashcards
define intergroup behaviour
influence of perception, behaviour or cognition based recognition of their distinct social group ie ingroup and outgroup
prejudice
derogatory social attitudes/cognitive beliefs, expression of negative affect or display of hostile/discriminatory behaviour towards member of group due to membership in their group
relative depravation theory
discrepancy between our expectations and our attainments - getting less that what we feel we are entitles to as a group
lead to frustration which leads to inter group riot/aggression - exacerbated by situation cues ie police action
explanations of intergroup behaviour
relative deprivation
realistic conflict
social identity
davies 1969 curve hypothesis of relative deprivation theory
relative dep acute when attainments suffer a sudden setback in the context of expectations - ie very suddenly get something feel entitled to removed
1992 los angeles riots - relative deprivation theory
riots of well off black neighborhood who treated unfairly - black Americans poorly valued by white Americans
Rodney king beaten by police and acquitted by white jury
frustration at treatment - riot
fraternalistic relative deprivation
sense that group is relatively deprives in relation to other groups which leads to action and protest
egoistic relative deprivation
feel deprived as n individual relative to other individuals leading to stress/depression
realistic conflict theory (sherif)
when groups have mutually exclusive goals, leads to intergroup competition and therefore conflict
when have shared goals, groups cooperate have lead to harmony
ie refugees in UK compete for jobs
sherif and sherif summer amp - realistic conflict theory
divided groups of boys at summer camp and let get to know each other
which groups come together - make compete in tasks - lead to hostility and conflict
reolution - give shared goal which improved intergroup relations and gave outgroup more positive eval
minimal group paradigm methodology
investigate effect of minimal group (no knowledge or interaction with other in or out group members) membership on inter group behavior
tajfel, billig, bundy and flament
give money to in or outgroup - based on preference for art - tendency to favor people who also like art as much
how minimal can awareness of group be to cause intergroup bias
conflicting interests not necessary - just awareness that in one group lead to prejudice
- social categorization very influential
social identity theory (tajfel and turner)
social identity - self concept derived from group membership distinct from personal identity
individuals motivated to maintain own positive social identity - therefore desire to positively differentiate between in and out group and boost group self esteem
desire for positive distinctiveness SIT brown 1978
factory workers asked to response to redundancy by proposing wages for own and other workers
- chose lowest possible own wage to ensure that other group got lower
how is positive distinctiveness maintained when other group better
redefine what is classed as an achievement - achievements fit perceived group strengths and therefore maintain positive distinctiveness