lecture 6 diversity

Question 1

Diversity vs injustice

Answer 1

The notion of diversity is quite vague

Why exactly do we need diversity

lack of diversity usually reflects, or is a product of, injustice

Question 2

justice

Answer 2

the design of institutions where everyone gets what is owed to them as persons

Egalitarianism: distribution needs to be equal

Question 3

Justice in business ethics (global justice issues)

Answer 3

respect and dignity in global supply chains

Obligations towards the environment

Question 4

Justice in business ethics (social justice issues)

Answer 4

gender, reace, sex. orientation, gender identity

Diversity training

Question 5

Implicit bias (diversity training)

Answer 5

Training usually directed at reducing implicit bias

Many stereotypes are unconscious, i.e. we do not formulate the explicit thought “women are submissive” but we have other thoughts and behaviours resulting from/reinforcing that implicit belief

We do not ask a racialized person to be the team leader for our MT assignment

We think somoene will do a bad job as a team leader for our MT assignment because they are women

Question 6

Implicit association test

Answer 6

research participants make 2 judgements

Black or white

Good or bad (word)

images are shown and words after another, left is black good, right is white bad, then the good and bad switch sides and you do it all over again

Is it easier for white and good or black and good

Question 7

Does diversity training work

Answer 7

Conflicting empirical evidence

What we know: it can be done better or worse

The fact that training does not work does not, in itself, prove that there are no implicit biases

Diversity need not be concentrated only on the recognition of implicit bias, but also on how wider injustice may influence economic activity: epistemic injustice

Question 8

Epistemology

Answer 8

the branch of philosophy concerned with knowledge (what is knowledge)

Question 9

Testimony:

Answer 9

sharing ones knowledge with another person who then acquires knowledge

Question 10

Credibility

Answer 10

Having good reasons to believe that someones testimony is true

Question 11

Epistemic injustice

Answer 11

Its a type of injustice or harm that people suffer as knowers and transmitters of knowledge

A woman knows that she has been a victim of abused, but her testimony is not believed

A woman may not even know that she has been a victim of abuse, since she lacks the appropriate concepts/ knower abilities to identify it

Question 12

Two types of epistemic justice

Answer 12

Testimonial injustice

A speaker suffers testimonial injustice when their testimony is judged as less credible (or not credible at all)

There may be good reasons for this: e.g. some random persons on twitter sharing their testimony on vaccines

It is an injustice when lack of credibility is a product of prejudice

This may be explicit or implicit

We may not realise that we are giving less credibility to certain people

HERMENEUTICAL injustice

Question 13

Hermeneutical injustice

Answer 13

Hermeneutics is a branch of linguistics related to understanding and interpretation

Hermeneutical injustice may invlove acquiring certain concepts which lalow to identify phenomena that unitl then when unnoticed or didnt get properly identified

Articulate that one is a victim of discrimination or has experienced gaslighting

Sometimes peoples lakcing certain tools to understand experiences an phenomena is also a case of injustice

People belonging to certain discriminated groups lack the concepts to adequately communicate or understand thier experience