Lecture 5 Trauma and stressor related disorders

Question 1

DMS-5 Trauma and…

Answer 1

• Reactive Attachment Dis
• Disinhibited Social Engagement Dis
• PTSD
• Acute Stress Dis
• Adjustment Disorders

Question 2

PTSD

Answer 2

• Exposed to actual or threatened death experience
• Intrusion symptoms (memories, dreams)– feel like these mems and dreams are so real that you feel like you’re re-experiencing it again
• Persistent avoidance of stimuli– anything that reminds you of that trauma= try to avoid– arouse negative feelings when associated with traumatic event
• Negative changes in cognition, mood
• Changes in arousal (anger, sleep disturbance, self-destructing acts)

Question 3

Acute stress disorder

Answer 3

• Intrusion
• Dissociative symptoms (more emphasis)– numbing, reduced awareness, dissociative amnesia
• Avoidance symptoms
• Arousal symptoms

Question 4

Treatment

Answer 4

• CBT– more effective than medication
• cognitive and behavioural restructuring
• psychoeducating
• prolonged exposure
• anxiety management techniques
• but drop out rates are high– becuase traumatic event exposure can be very aversive= don’t want to re-experience it again
• but you have you confront fear

Question 5

what are the risks for later problems

Answer 5

- important to identify people who need help to prevent post-trauma problems 
risk factors:
- pre-trauma 
- trauma 
- post-trauma

Question 6

right after traumatic phase

Answer 6

• normal to feel traumatised right after event

- distress decreases by 70% in 3 months

Question 7

• pre-trauma factors

Answer 7

• childhood trauma
• prior psychiatric history
• fam instability
• substance abuse
• social / economic disadvantage

Question 8

• trauma factors

Answer 8

• degree of life threat (death)
• location of trauma
• peson’s role in trauma (victim, helper)

Question 9

• post-trauma factors

Answer 9

• social support
• coping style
• ongoing stressors