Lecture 11 Conduct problems Flashcards
externalising disorders: DSM-5
- ADHD
- ODD
- Conduct disorder
ODD
A. pattern fo negativistic, hostile beh.–> lasts at least 6 months– 4 or more are present:
- often loses temper
- often argues with adults
- often refuses to agree w/ adults’ rules
- often annoys people
- often blames others for mistakes
- often touchy, easily annoyed by others
- often angry
- often spiteful, vindictive
ODD + Heterogeneity– symptoms grouped in 3 dimensions
- angry mood
- argumentative beh
- vindictiveness
- angry mood
- loses temper– associated with mood and anxiety disorders
- touchy, easily annoyed
- argumentative beh
- argue with authority figures– associated with ADHD
- refuses to comply with requests from adults
- deliberately annoys people
- blame others for own mistakes
- vindictiveness
- spiteful at least twice within 6 months
- associated with callousness, empathic deficits, aggression
patterson’s coercion theory
dominant causal model of conduct problems– moment-to-moment interactions between parents and children
- social learning theory– operant conditioning
- someone wins, someones looses
parent: do this
child: no
parent: do this!
child: counterattacks
parent: withdraws
child: suspends attack
- parent= ?
- child= ?
parent= negatively reinforced child= positively reinforced
parent: do it
child: no
parent: escalates
child: escalates
parent: escalates sharply
child: says yes
- parent=?
- child= ?
parent= positively reinforced child= negatively reinforced
causal influences on conduct problems
parent-child interaction= interlocking pattern of reinforcement
child does…
- 3-step escape avoidant dance
- attack–counterattack– positive outcome
- repeated a lot of times a day
fam influences on conduct problems
coercive cycles–> continue over time
- constant cycle= more you do it, child gets more skilled= harder to discipline
what is bad parent-child interaction
- parent interaction with child= aversive, punishment
- tend to give them attention when they misbehave
- parent gives low + reinforcement for appropriate behaviour
- parent gives high + reinforcement for misbehaviour
coercive cycles…
- can’t emotionally regulate
peer influences on conduct problems
deviancy training
- antisocial kids mutually reinforce beh. in each other
conduct disorder
A. repetitive and persistent pattern of beh. in which basic rights of others, social norms are violated
- presence of 3 (or more)–> in past 12 months, with at least 1 present in past 6 months
- aggression to people and animals
- destroying property
- theft, lying
- serious violations of rules
- aggression to people and animals
- bully, threaten
- initiates fights (physical)
- used weapon
- physically cruel to people and animals
- destroying property
- fire setting–> wanted serious damage
- deliberately destroyed others’ property
- theft, lying
- broken into someone’s home, building, car
- often lies
- shoplifting
- serious violations of rules
- often stays out at night– beginning before age 13 yrs old
- ran away from home overnight
- absent from school
childhood-onset type (3)
- neurocognitive risk factors (like low verbal IQ)
- personality risk factors (problems in emotional regulation, impulsivity)
- coercive parent-child interactions
adolescent-onset type
- no risk factors
- exaggeration of rebellion
specifier for limited prosocial emotions (CU traits)
at least 2 of following persistently over at least 12 months in multiple relationships + settings
- lack of remorse or guilt
- lack of empathy
- don’t care about performance
- shallow or deficient affect
low CU traits
- aggressive
- over reactive to emotional cues– think world is shitty place– constantly negative
- reacting to other situations aggressively (manipulative with aggression)
- hostile attributional biases
high CU traits
- more severe
- proactive aggression
- reward-dominance
- under reactive to emotional cues– can’t tell emotion– don’t care
boys with CU traits (11 yrs)
decreased amygdala reactivity to emotional (fear) stimuli
heritability of conduct problems
low CU traits
- moderate genetic and env (parenting) influence
heritability of conduct problems
high CU traits
- extremely strong genetic
- minimal env
