Lecture 5; Nutrition and health. Flashcards
What is nutrition?
Nutrition studies the interaction between the individual and the environment mediated by food
What is diet?
The food and beverages one consumes.
- The quality of which affects the quality of life and risk of chronic diseases.
How does nutrition impact disease?
The quality of food consumed impacts the progression and treatment of many chronic diseases.
How does nutrition prevent disease?
Disease prevention includes maintaining weight, choosing foods that are minimally processed, plant based, healthy fats and oils.
Aim to reduce non-communicable disease. (NCDs)
What are NCDs?
- T2D
- Obesity
- Atherosclerosis etc
What is the relationship between BMI and mortality ratio?
U-shaped relationship.
- Increases with BMI in both genders.
- Low BMI also has increased morality
What is the burden of nutrition in NZ?
2 in 5 deaths associated with poor nutrition.
Dietary risk factors i.e high salt, high SF, low vege and fruit and high energy intake account for 11.4% of health loss.
What are the strongest risk factors for disability adjusted life year (DALYs)?
- Dietary risks contribute largely to CVD
- High BMI strongly contributes to CVD, musculoskeletal disorders, diabetes etc.
Point being nutrition is strongly associated with health outcomes
How are DALYs calculated?
Years of life lost + years lived with disability (taking into account severity of illness)
What are the nutrition guidelines for NZ?
- Lots of fruit and veg (5 serves)
- Grains (Whole)
- High fibre
- Some milk and milk products (low and reduced fat)
- Some legumes, nuts, seeds, fish and seafood, eggs, poultry, and or red meat with fat removed
Unsaturated fats, low salt, if any then iodised, little or no added sugar (as least processed as possible)
Water
Low alcohol
COOOK
