Lecture 5 (Neuro) part 2 Flashcards
What is Extradural/Epidural Heamatoma?
Arterial bleeds, compression may be rapid
What is Subdural Haematoma?
Venous, so slower to develop, may be acute or chronic.
What is Subarachnoid Haematoma?
Aneurysm rupture in the Circle of Willis
What is Intracerebral Haematoma?
Severe motion of the brain, or develop from a contusion; elderly, alcoholics, more vulnerable
In regard to traumatic Brain Injury what is the Goal of the nurse?
To treat Secondary Brain Injury
Describe Coma
A state of unresponsiveness from which the patient cannot be aroused to produce meaningful response
Lesions in Corticospinal & Corticobulbar tracts cause:
Weakness, or total paralysis of distal voluntary movement
Increased muscle tone and spasticity
Lesions in the Basal Ganglia cause:
Involuntary and increased movements or decreased movements
Don’t cause weakness or reflex changes
Lesions in the Cerebella Cause:
Abnormal range, rate and force of movements
Lesions in the Peripheral nerves cause:
Mixed sensory and Motor deficits
Decreased muscle tone and flaccid paralysis
What is Intracranial pressure?
The pressure exerted within the skull and meninges by the contents of the skull ie brain, CSF and cerebral Blood flow
What is meningitis?
Inflammation and infection of the pia mater, arachnoid mater, and the CSF filled subarachnoid space
What is Encephalitis?
Headache, fever, confusion, drowsiness, fatigue, seizures/convulsions, tremors, hallucinations and memory problems
