Lecture 2 part 2

Question 1

What is measured in an Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)?

Answer 1

Hydrogen-ion concentration (pH), Base excess (BE), Bicarbonate (HCO3), Partial pressure of CO2 (PCO2), Partial Pressure of O2 (PO2)

Question 2

What is the normal pH values of arterial blood gases?

Answer 2

pH 7.35-7.45

Question 3

What are the normal PCO2 (Partial pressure of CO2) values?

Answer 3

40-45mmHg

Question 4

Normal value of PO2

Answer 4

80-105mmHg

Question 5

Normal Value of HCO3 (Bicarbonate)

Answer 5

20-26 mmols/L

Question 6

Normal Value of Base Excess (BE)

Answer 6

-2.0 - +2.0

Question 7

Whats a normal O2 Saturation?

Answer 7

95%-100%

Question 8

Does the pH alone indicate acid base balance?

Answer 8

Does the pH alone indicate acid base balance?

No – pH, PCO2 and HCO3 must all be within normal range, if any of them aren’t that indicates an acid base imbalance

Question 9

What is Hypoventilation?

Answer 9

Raised levels of Carbon Dioxide in the blood causing sever problems due to acidity

Question 10

Common causes of Hypoventilation?

Answer 10

Airway obstruction, CNS depressant drugs, CNS disease, Peripheral neuromuscular disease, Exhaustion

Question 11

Treatment for Hypoventialtion?

Answer 11

100% humidified oxygen, keep sat’s above 90%, provide assisted ventilation, reverse any CNS drug induced depression, Contact specialist help

Question 12

What are the normal airway protective mechanisms?

Answer 12

Epiglottis, Glottic closure reflex, Laryngospasm, Cough reflex, Apnea reflex

Question 13

Do high concentrations of Oxygen depress respirations in patients with acute respitrary failure?

Answer 13

No

Question 14

What is a Variable Performance device (O2 delivery systems)

Answer 14

O2 delivery system that doesn’t provide all the gas necessary for minute ventilation. O2 concentration depends on amount delivered