Lecture 5- Motor Ad Sensory Pathways

Question 0

Most ascending sensory pathways (except olfactory) are relayed via the ……… and project to ……… …….?

Answer 0

Thalamus

cerebral cortex

Question 1

Area ……: Broca’s area:
contains movement patterns for
making …….. ……… ……… ………?

Answer 1

44

Speech sounds and writing

Question 2

Major descending motor tracts from ……. ……. generally bypass ……… on the way down to thespinal cord.

Answer 2

cerebral cortex

thalamus

Question 3

Stimulation of motor cortex produces muscle contraction on

…………….. side of body.

Answer 3

contralateral

Question 4

Basal ganglia concerned with controlled purposeful
movements. They integrate info from ……… …….., process it and project it back to ……. through the ………..

Answer 4

cerebral cortex
cortex
thalamus

Question 5

Functional disturbances of basal ganglia will cause ……… ………?

Answer 5

movement disorders.e.g Parkinson’s

Question 6

Motor pathways:

Corticospinal tract is the main pathway controlling ……. ……..?

Answer 6

Voluntary pathways

Question 7

Motor pathways:
Axons originate from …….. ……. …….. cell bodies in the cerebral motor cortex (in posterior frontal lobe) and pass to the medulla where they form the ……….. ………

Answer 7

upper motor neuron

medullary pyramids.

Question 8

Motor pathways:

Most fibres decussate at pyramids to form the ……… ……… …….?

Answer 8

lateral corticospinal tract.

Question 9

Fibres that don’t decussate form the ……… …….. …….?

Answer 9

anterior (ventral) corticospinal tract.

Question 10

Motor pathway:

Synapse with …… …… ……. in the ……… ……… horn of spinal cord grey matter.

Answer 10

lower motor neurons

anterior (ventral)

Question 11

Lateral corticospinal => mediates …….. control of movement of …… and motor functions of CN IX, CN X and CN XII (9,10,11)
(decussates at pyramids).

Answer 11

voluntary

limbs

Question 12

Ventral corticospinal =>………. tract that eventually crosses the spinal cord to synapse with ……. horn and control of ……. muscles.

Answer 12

uncrossed
anterior
axial

Question 13

Rubrospinal => from …….. …….. to spinal cord. Role in control of …….. …….?

Answer 13

red nucleus

flexor tone

Question 14

Vestibulospinal => from …… ……. to spinal cord. Role in control of ……… …….. and maintenance of ……… And ………

Answer 14

vestibular nuclei
extensor tone
posture and balance

Question 15

Somatosensory  
“Body sense” 
• Pain 
• Temperature 
• Simple touch 
• Proprioception (perception of .......) 
• Kinesthesia (perception of .........) 
• Stereognosis (perception of ..... and ...... of objects by touch).

Answer 15

position
movement
Size and shape

Question 16

Somatosensory afferents feed into ……… and also distribute to ……… ………. and cerebellum.

Answer 16

reflexes

cerebral cortex

Question 17

Nociceptors (pain) = ……. …… receptors

Answer 17

50% skin

Question 18

Proprioceptive info transmitted via ……. ……., ……… …… …… and joint receptors

Answer 18

muscle spindles

golgi tendon organ

Question 19

Larger receptive fields for areas of skin that ……. need …… ………

Answer 19

don’t

fine resolution.

Question 20

For ……. …….. sensation multiple small receptive fields, packed closely.

Answer 20

finer tactile

Question 21

Two-point discrimination:
~ 2-3mm on …… ……
~35-40mm on ……
~40mm on ……

Answer 21

Fingertips
Arm
Back

Question 22

Somatotopic organisation:

each body region represented in a particular ……. …….

Answer 22

cortical area.

Question 23

Represented in proportion to their sensory innervation – not
actual ……. …….

Answer 23

body size

Question 24

Sensory pathways:

Cell bodies of the ……. ……. …… for all pathways is located in the …..

Answer 24

first afferent neuron

DRG

Question 25

Sensory pathways:

Typically cross the midline => ……….

Answer 25

contralateral

Question 26

Sensory pathways:

Travel via …….. …….. through the …….. to ……. gyrus.

Answer 26

medial lemniscus
thalamus
postcentral

Question 27

Sensory tracts:

Anterior (ventral) spinothalamic => …….. (non-discriminative) touch

Answer 27

crude

Question 28

Sensory tracts:

Lateral spinothalamic => ……, ……., ……

Answer 28

itch, pain & temperature

Question 29

Sensory tracts:

Fasciculus gracilis => fine touch, pressure, vibration, conscious proprioception of ……. …….

Answer 29

lower limb

Question 30

Fasciculus cuneatus => fine touch, pressure, vibration conscious proprioception of …… ……

Answer 30

upper limb

Question 31

Spinocerebellar => ……….. proprioception from ………. …….. ……. …… …… receptors to cerebellum.

Answer 31

unconscious

muscle spindles/tendon organs/joint & skin

Question 32

Sensorimotor:

Voluntary movements require ………. feedback.

Answer 32

constant

Question 33

Sensorimotor systems:

Cerebral cortex works with …… …….., cerebellum & thalamus to……. & ……… movements.

Answer 33

basal ganglia

Plan and program

Question 34

Sensorimotor systems:

Efferent fibres project through …….. and down spinal cord to effector muscles.

Answer 34

brainstem

Question 35

Sensorimotor systems:

Afferent fibres project through …… …… Down to the brains

Answer 35

dorsal funiculus