Lecture 19- Foot/ ankle Flashcards
Name the 7 tarsal bones of the foot
Talus Calcaneus Navicular cuboid cuneiforms (lateral, intermediate and medial)
- …… phalanges (proximal, middle & distal)
- …… metatarsals
- …….sesamoid bones (anterior to 1st metatarsal)
- …….tarsals
14
2
7
Talus (ankle bone)
• Only foot bone articulating with leg bones.
• Transfers weight from tibia to foot; no muscle attachment.
• Articulates with tibia, fibula, calcaneus and navicular tarsal bone.
.
What is the strongest foot bone and what does it articulate with?
Largest and strongest (also most commonly fractured) bone in the foot is the calcaneus. Articulates with talus & cuboid tarsal bones.
What is a Comminuted fracture of calcaneus?
• 75% of all calcaneal fractures are due to forceful landing on a
heel.
• Talus “driven” down into the calcaneus, which cannot withstand the force because it is a cancellous bone.
Navicular
• Boat shape, between …… …… ……
talar head and 3 cuneiforms.
Cuneiform articulates which what?
Articulate posteriorly with navicular and atneriolory with bases of metarsals 1-3.
Cuboid
• Most lateral tarsal bone.
• Articulates posteriorly with ……… and medially with …….. …… tarsal bone.
calcaneus
lateral cuneiform
Talocrural (ankle) joint
What type of joint is this?
• Articulation between what three bones
• Functions primarily in what?
Uniaxial synovial hinge
talus and tibia
plantarfelxion and dorsiflexion
Intertarsal joints are what type of joint?
synovial plane
Tarsometatarsal joints are what type of joint?
Synovial plane
Intermetatarsal joints are what type of joint?
synovial plane
Metatarsophalangeal joints are what type of joint?
multiaxial synovial condyloid
Interphalangeal joints are what type of joint?
uniaxial synovial hinge
What are the four medial (deltoid) ligaments? And what are their function?
Anterior tibiotalar
Posterior tibiotalar
Tibiocalcaneal
Tibionavicular
Limit eversion and is strong
Lateral (collateral) ligaments
What are the ligaments and what is the function
Anterior tibiofibular ligament Posterior talofibular ligament Anterior taloofibular ligament Calcaneofibular ligament Function: inversion Weak
What is the function of a synovial sheath?
Synovial sheaths provide protection and lubrication for muscle tendons passing from leg into foot.
What muscles make up Tom dick and Harry
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum
Flexor hallucis longus ( feather like muscle)
Talus is the only bone to what?
not have any muscular or tendinous attachments.
Tibial nerve splits into what two nerves
Medial plantar and lateral plantar nerves
Deep fibular nerve comes from the common fibular nerve. Motor and sensory inner ate what?
Motor: extensor digitorum brevis
sensory: skin of toes 1&2
Superficial fibular nerve from common fibular nerve is sensory to what?
sensory to most skin on dorsum of foot and toes
Sural nerve from tibial nerve is sensory to what?
sensory to skin on lateral side of foot
Saphenous nerve is sensory to what?
sensory to skin on medial side of proximal foot
