Lecture 19- Foot/ ankle

Question 0

Name the 7 tarsal bones of the foot

Answer 0

Talus
Calcaneus
Navicular 
cuboid 
cuneiforms (lateral, intermediate and medial)

Question 1

• …… phalanges (proximal, middle & distal)
• …… metatarsals
• …….sesamoid bones (anterior to 1st metatarsal)
• …….tarsals

Answer 1

14
2
7

Question 2

Talus (ankle bone)
• Only foot bone articulating with leg bones.
• Transfers weight from tibia to foot; no muscle attachment.
• Articulates with tibia, fibula, calcaneus and navicular tarsal bone.

Answer 2

.

Question 3

What is the strongest foot bone and what does it articulate with?

Answer 3

Largest and strongest (also most commonly fractured) bone in the foot is the calcaneus. Articulates with talus & cuboid tarsal bones.

Question 4

What is a Comminuted fracture of calcaneus?

Answer 4

• 75% of all calcaneal fractures are due to forceful landing on a
heel.
• Talus “driven” down into the calcaneus, which cannot withstand the force because it is a cancellous bone.

Question 5

Navicular

• Boat shape, between …… …… ……

Answer 5

talar head and 3 cuneiforms.

Question 6

Cuneiform articulates which what?

Answer 6

Articulate posteriorly with navicular and atneriolory with bases of metarsals 1-3.

Question 7

Cuboid
• Most lateral tarsal bone.
• Articulates posteriorly with ……… and medially with …….. …… tarsal bone.

Answer 7

calcaneus

lateral cuneiform

Question 8

Talocrural (ankle) joint
What type of joint is this?
• Articulation between what three bones
• Functions primarily in what?

Answer 8

Uniaxial synovial hinge
talus and tibia
plantarfelxion and dorsiflexion

Question 9

Intertarsal joints are what type of joint?

Answer 9

synovial plane

Question 10

Tarsometatarsal joints are what type of joint?

Answer 10

Synovial plane

Question 11

Intermetatarsal joints are what type of joint?

Answer 11

synovial plane

Question 12

Metatarsophalangeal joints are what type of joint?

Answer 12

multiaxial synovial condyloid

Question 13

Interphalangeal joints are what type of joint?

Answer 13

uniaxial synovial hinge

Question 14

What are the four medial (deltoid) ligaments? And what are their function?

Answer 14

Anterior tibiotalar
Posterior tibiotalar
Tibiocalcaneal
Tibionavicular

Limit eversion and is strong

Question 15

Lateral (collateral) ligaments

What are the ligaments and what is the function

Answer 15

Anterior tibiofibular ligament
Posterior talofibular ligament
Anterior taloofibular ligament 
Calcaneofibular ligament 
Function: inversion 
Weak

Question 16

What is the function of a synovial sheath?

Answer 16

Synovial sheaths provide protection and lubrication for muscle tendons passing from leg into foot.

Question 17

What muscles make up Tom dick and Harry

Answer 17

Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum
Flexor hallucis longus ( feather like muscle)

Question 18

Talus is the only bone to what?

Answer 18

not have any muscular or tendinous attachments.

Question 19

Tibial nerve splits into what two nerves

Answer 19

Medial plantar and lateral plantar nerves

Question 20

Deep fibular nerve comes from the common fibular nerve. Motor and sensory inner ate what?

Answer 20

Motor: extensor digitorum brevis
sensory: skin of toes 1&2

Question 21

Superficial fibular nerve from common fibular nerve is sensory to what?

Answer 21

sensory to most skin on dorsum of foot and toes

Question 22

Sural nerve from tibial nerve is sensory to what?

Answer 22

sensory to skin on lateral side of foot

Question 23

Saphenous nerve is sensory to what?

Answer 23

sensory to skin on medial side of proximal foot