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Histology Exam 2 > Lecture 5: Ear > Flashcards

Lecture 5: Ear Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the outer ear?

A

Receives sound waves

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2
Q

What is the function of the middle ear?

A

Transmits sound waves from tympanic membrane to inner ear

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3
Q

The inner ear contains _______ organs.

A

sensorineural

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4
Q

What are the structures that make up the outer ear? (3)

A
  • Auricle or pinna
  • External auditory meatus
  • Tympanic membrane = eardrum
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5
Q

What structures make up the middle ear? (4)

A
  • Tympanic cavity
  • Auditory or Eustachian tube
  • Auditory ossicles = malleus, incus, stapes
  • Oval and round windows
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6
Q

What structures make up the bony labyrinth of the inner ear? (3)

A
  • Vestibule
  • Semicircular canals (3)
  • Cochlea
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7
Q

What structures make up the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear? (4)

A
  • Utricle
  • Saccule
  • Semicircular ducts
  • Cochlear ducts
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8
Q

The auricle is covered by skin that contains _____ cartilage.

A

elastic

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9
Q

The external auditory meatus contains what type of glands?

A

ceruminous glands

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10
Q

What type of epithelium lines the tympanic cavity?

A

(endoderm-derived) simple squamous epithelium

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11
Q

Which structures does the auditory/eustachian tube connect?

A

connects tympanic cavity to nasopharynx

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12
Q

What type of epithelium lines the auditory/eustachian tube?

A

ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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13
Q

What two small thin membranes separate the middle and inner ear?

A

oval and round windows

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14
Q

The middle ear contains what two small muscles?

A

stapedius and tensor

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15
Q

What structure do the stapes push?

A

oval window

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16
Q

What structure pushes the malleus?

A

tympanic membrane

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17
Q

Which structure of the inner ear contains perilymph fluid?

A

bony labyrinth

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18
Q

Which structure of the inner ear contains endolymph fluid?

A

membranous labyrinth

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19
Q

What are stereocilia called on the receptors of the inner ear?

A

hair cells

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20
Q

All 3 receptors of the inner ear have a ______ ______ system.

A

sensorineural transduction

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21
Q

What occurs when stereocilia hyperpolarize?

A

release more neurotransmitter

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22
Q

What occurs when stereocilia depolarize?

A

release less neurotransmitter

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23
Q

The Organ of Corti has what type of membrane?

A

basilar

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24
Q

What is scala media? What is its function?

A
  • cochlear duct that contains the cochlea
  • Converts vibrations in the perilymph (in scala vestibuli) to the cochlear duct’s endolypmh = sets a vibration in the basilar membrane = results in movement in hair cells and then nerve impulses
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25
Q

What is the result of displacement of stereocilia?

A

results in action potential to the cochlear duct

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26
Q

What is the result of high frequency sounds?

A

displacement near the base of the basilar membrane

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27
Q

What is the result of low frequency sounds?

A

displacement at the apex of the basilar membrane

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28
Q

What does the internal ear fluid movement from vibration of the oval window cause?

A

vibrational wave in the basilar membrane leading to stimulation of the hair cells = nerve impulse

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29
Q

What is the function of the crista ampullaris?

A

sensor of angular motion/rotation

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30
Q

Where is maculae located?

A

in saccule and utricle

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31
Q

What is the function of the maculae?

A

gravity and linear acceleration

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32
Q

The octoconia and thus otolithic membrane are displaced during _______.

A

acceleration

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33
Q

Movement ____ the kinocilum opens channels. Movement ____ closes channels.

A

toward, away

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34
Q

What structure does the membranous labyrinth develop from?

A

otic vesicle

35
Q

What structure does the outer ear develop from?

A

first pharyngeal groove

36
Q

What structure does the middle ear develop from?

A

first pharyngeal pouch

37
Q

What structure do the malleus and incus develop from?

A

cartilage of first pharyngeal arch

38
Q

What structure do the stapes develop from?

A

second arch cartilage

39
Q

What is #1?

40
Q

What is #2?

A

Utricle with endolymph

41
Q

What is #3?

42
Q

What is #4?

A

Otolithic membrane

43
Q

What is #5?

A

Hair cells

44
Q

What is #1?

A

Scala vestibuli

45
Q

What is #2?

A

Vestibular membrane

46
Q

What is #3?

A

Tectorial membrane

47
Q

What is #4?

A

Inner tunnel

48
Q

What is #5?

A

Cochlear duct

49
Q

What is #6?

A

Outer tunnel

50
Q

What is #7?

A

Stria vascularis (decoy)

51
Q

What is #8?

A

Spiral ligament

52
Q

What is #9?

A

Inner spiral tunnel

53
Q

What is #10?

A

Inner hair cell

54
Q

What is #11?

A

Outer hair cell

55
Q

What is #12?

A

Outer phalangeal

56
Q

What is #13?

A

Basilar membrane

57
Q

What is #14

A

Scala tympani

58
Q

What is #1?

A

Utricle with endolymph

59
Q

What is #2?

A

Crista ampularis

60
Q

What is #1?

A

Ampula of semicircular canal with endolymph

61
Q

What is #2?

62
Q

What is #3?

A

Hair cells

63
Q

What is #4?

A

Crista ampullaris

64
Q

What is #1?

A

Outer tunnel

65
Q

What is #2?

A

Inner tunnel

66
Q

What is #3?

A

Tectorial membrane

67
Q

What is #4?

A

Basilar membrane

68
Q

What is #5?

A

Outer phalangeal

69
Q

What is #6?

A

Outer hair

70
Q

What is #7?

A

Inner hair cell

71
Q

What is #8?

A

Inner spiral tunnel

72
Q

What is #1?

A

Ampula of semicircular canal with crista ampullaris

73
Q

What is #2?

A

Utricle with macula

74
Q

What is #1?

A

Cochlear duct

75
Q

What is #2?

A

Organ of Corti

76
Q

What is #3?

A

Scala tympani

77
Q

What is #4?

A

Scala vestibuli

78
Q

What is #5?

A

Spiral ganglia

79
Q
  1. Which of the following inner ear structures contain the macula?
    a. Cochlear duct
    b. Semicircular ducts
    c. Saccule of the vestibule
    d. Scala media
A

c. Saccule of the vestibule

80
Q
  1. Identify the following structure:
    a. Organ of corti
    b. Basilar membrane
    c. Tectorial membrane
    d. Reissner’s membrane
A

c. Tectorial membrane

81
Q
  1. The cochlea is divided into 3 chambers, which chamber contains the organ of corti?
    a. Scala media
    b. Scala vestibuli
    c. Scala tympani
    d. Vestibular duct
A

a. Scala media

82
Q
  1. The sensory hair cells of the crista ampullaris are responsible for:
    a. Linear acceleration
    b. Low pitch frequencies
    c. Angular acceleration
    d. High pitch frequencies
A

c. Angular acceleration

83
Q
  1. Where is the cochlear duct located and which type of fluid does it contain?
    a. Cochlea; perilymph
    b. Scala tympani; endolymph
    c. Cochlea; endolymph
    d. Scala media; perilymph
A

c. Cochlea; endolymph

Histology Exam 2 (8 decks)

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