Lecture 5 (Autonomic Nervous System)

Question 1

What does the Autonomic nervous system control?

Answer 1

involuntary physiological processes

Question 2

What is the name of the neurons that release ACH

Answer 2

cholinergic fibres

Question 3

What is the name of the neurons release Noradrenaline

Answer 3

Adrenergic fibres

Question 4

What are the three different ways for The Preganglionic sympathetic neurons

Answer 4

1. Synapse in the ganglia at the same level with a postganglionic neuron that exits through the grey ramus communicans
2. Travel up or down the chain to synapse in a ganglion at a different level with a postganglionic neuron that exits through the grey ramus communicans
3. Exit the ganglia via a splanchnic nerve to a prevertebral ganglion where it will synapse with a postganglionic neuro

Question 5

Name the three cervical ganglions where the pregangionic neurons synapse

Answer 5

• Superior cervical ganglion at C1/C2
• Middle cervical ganglion at C6
• Inferior cervical ganglion at C7

Question 6

What is Horner syndrome

Answer 6

Damage to cervical sympathetic trunk resulting in absence of sympathetically stimulated functions on ipsilateral side of head

Question 7

What are the symptoms of Horner syndrome?

Answer 7

Dropping of superior eyelid
Constriction of pupil
Vasodilation and absence of sweating of face and neck

Question 8

Name the location of the cranial parasympathetic ganglion?

Answer 8

Ciliary ganglion
Pterygopalatine ganglion
Submandibular ganglion
Otic ganglion

Question 9

Name the two neurotransmitters used for communication in ANS

Answer 9

Acetylcholine
Noradrenaline

Question 10

At what region does the neurons of sympathetic NS begin

Answer 10

thoracolumbar region