Lecture 3 (Anterior Triangle)

Question 1

Name all the infrahyoid muscle

Answer 1

sternohyoid, omohyoid, thyrohyoid, and sternothyroid muscle

Question 2

Name all suprahyoid muscle

Answer 2

Mylohyoid, digastric muscle , stylohyoid and Geniohyoid

Question 3

What are the main four subdivision of the anterior triangle?

Answer 3

Muscular, submandibular, submental and carotid triangle

Question 4

What is the action of the omohyoid muscle?

Answer 4

Elevate the hyoid and floor of the mouth, reinforce the floor of oral cavity

Question 5

What nerve innervate the mylohyoid muscle

Answer 5

V3 nerve to mylohyoid (inferior alveolar nerve)

Question 6

What nerve innervate the anterior belly of digastric

Answer 6

V3 nerve to mylohyoid (inferior alveolar nerve)

Question 7

What nerve innervate the posterior belly of digastric

Answer 7

Fascia nerve vii, digastric branch

Question 8

What is the action of the posterior belly of digastric

Answer 8

Elevate and retract the hyoid

Question 9

What is the action of the anterior belly of digastric

Answer 9

Open mouth via lowering the mandible and rising the hyoid

Question 10

What nerve innervate stylohyoid bone and what’s it’s action?

Answer 10

Innervated by VII, pull the hyoid bone upward

Question 11

What nerve innervate the Geniohyoid and what’s it’s action

Answer 11

Cervical spinal nerve C1, push mandible inward and downward

Question 12

What is the action of strap muscles

Answer 12

Depress the hyoid and provide attachment to the suprahyoid muscles

Question 13

What nerve innervate the strap muscles (infrahyoid muscles)

Answer 13

Ansa cervicalis c1-c3

Question 14

What are the four lobes of thyroid gland?

Answer 14

Right lobe
Lift lobe
Pyramidal lobe
Isthmus

Question 15

What artery supply the thyroid glands

Answer 15

Superior and inferior thyroid artery

Question 16

Which veins supplies venous drainage in thyroid gland

Answer 16

Superior middle and inferior thyroid vein

Question 17

What are the possible implications of neck surgery?

Answer 17

Damage to right recurrent laryngeal nerve
Hoarseness and aphonia

Question 18

What are the anatomical consideration of airway surgery (circothyrotomy&tracheostomy)

Answer 18

• Awareness of vasculature of anterior neck (e.g. location of inferior thyroid veins, possible
  presence of thyroid artery)
• age-related variation (e.g. presence of thymus in children or risk to oesophageal damage due to
  softness of trachea in children and neonates)

Question 19

What is cricothyrotomy?

Answer 19

emergency procedure, large bore needle passed through cricothyroid ligament; may be replaced by a small tracheostomy tube (surgical cricothyrotomy or inferior laryngotomy)