Lecture 14 (parotid Region & Facial Nerve)

Question 1

What structures are embedded into the parotid gland?

Answer 1

• parotid lymph nodes
• external carotid artery
• CN VII (but not innervate)
  -retromandibular vein

Question 2

What is the blood supply in the parotid gland?

Answer 2

External carotid artery brach into posterior auricular artery then split into maxillary and superficial temporal artery

Question 3

What is the venous drainage in the parotid gland?

Answer 3

Maxillary and superficial temporal vein making retromandibular vein which drains into the internal jugular vein

Question 4

In which foramen does the facial nerve exit the skull

Answer 4

Stylomastoid foramen

Question 5

Before CN VII exit the skulls, it give off two branches, what are they and what do they supply?

Answer 5

1. Nerve to stapedius (motor to stapedius muscle in the middle ear)
2. Chorda tympani (supplies taste and sensation to anterior 2/3 of the tough)

Question 6

At the extratemporal portion of the facial nerve and before entering the parotid gland in gives off two branches, what are they?

Answer 6

Posterior auricular
Digastric branch

Question 7

What are the five terminal branches that the gives off the parotid plexus when exiting
, and what do they supply?

Answer 7

Temporal branch (forehead, supra-orbital area)
Zygomatic branch (infra orbital area, lateral nasal area and the upper lip)
Buccal branches (muscles of the cheeks, upper lip and the corner of the mouth)
Marginal mandibular branch ( muscles of lower lip and chin)
Cervical branch (platysma)

Question 8

Bell’s palsy? Most common type of facial paralysis

Answer 8

Affect upper and lower face, bilateral
Cause unknown, thought viral infection
Tx. Steroid given and with some cases anti viral med.
Eye protection important
Long term paralysis may be treated surgically

Question 9

Tumours of the parotid gland

Answer 9

Most often benign, surgically a total or a partial parotidectomy

Question 10

Mumps is a viral infection

Answer 10

MMR vaccine