Lecture 5 Flashcards
Green plants have cells that are enclosed in a tough ?
cell wall
Green plants have organelles called
chloroplasts
Cells are mostly made up of?
Water
What helps strengthen the cell wall?
lignin
Cytoplasms contains organic and inorganic substances, such as:
Salts, organelles, and carbohydrates.
What does a vacuole serve as?
collect/ storage area.
Where does photosynthesis take place?
Chloroplasts
DNA is shaped like a twisted ladder called a?
double-helix
There are 4 different bases in DNA
A, T, C, and G
How closely are humans related to bananas?
50%
What is plant breeding?
changing the genetics of the plant to benefit us.
What did plant breeding start off with?
Domestication
what did plant breeding increase?
yield and better quality
2 different types of plant breeding
Classic and Molecular
What is classic plant breeding?
Transferring pollen, new genes, and studying the genes.
what is the result from classic plant breeding?
genetic combinations
Whats is molecular breeding?
The application of molecular biology tools in plant breeding.
Examples of molecular breeding
Marker assisted selection and Genetic engineering
What can molecular markers do?
map the genes of a plant.
What does a genetic Engineer do?
manipulates genes and produces living organisms tailored for a specific purpose.
Genetic Engineers can move DNA from
Most any species to any other species.
What does the term transgenic also refer too?
Transgenic
How is GE done?
Genes are introduced into a genome by means other than by the usual sexual means.
Molecular pharming refers to the use of?
genetic engineering to insert genes that code for useful pharmaceuticals into host animals or plants the would not otherwise not express those genes.
Bio-fortification
idea of breeding crops to increase their nutritional value.
