Lecture 4 part 4 Exam 2

Question 1

What is a Cardiac Pacemaker?

Answer 1

Composed of pulse generator and leads that generats electronic circuitry that powers a device.
Connect between the heart muscles

Question 2

What is Cardiac Pacemaker used for?

Answer 2

• used for arrhythmias
• bradycardia- low cardiac output

Question 3

What do pacemakers do?

Answer 3

Monitor heart rate

Question 4

What is an implantable cardiac Defibrillator?

Answer 4

• Similar. to pacemaker
• lead in left ventricle and provides cardioversion/defibrillation

Question 5

What is implantable cardiac defibrillator used for?

Answer 5

• Used to treat harmful tachyarrhythmias (200BPM)
• ICD monitors heart for arrhythmias and delivers electrical shock when they occur to return heart to normal rhythm.

Question 6

What is recommended if pacemaker or ICD malfunctions?

Answer 6

• medical consultationprior to dental treatment
• Small chance of infective endocarditis
• Rarely is premedication recommended

Question 7

What can occur with electrical interference ?

Answer 7

It can malfunction and inhibt function

Question 8

What are possible etiologies of a oacemaker or ICD malfunction?

Answer 8

Cellular phones
MRI

Should carry a card

Question 9

What are possible malfunctions within a dental office?

Answer 9

• minimal risk
• malfunction more common in older implant
• lead apron can reduce electromagnetic interference

Question 10

What are safe procedure for pt with pacemaker or ICD ?

Answer 10

Radiographs
Handpieces
Curing lights
Sonic and piezoelectric scaler

Question 11

What are unsafe procedures for pt with pacemaker or ICD?

Answer 11

Older ferromagnetic ultrasonic scalers
Magnetostrictive ultrasonic scalers
TENS
Ultrasonic baths
Electrosurgical units
Sonic toothbrushes
Vasocontrictors in local anesthetics

Question 12

What are the signs and symptoms of pacemaker malfunction?

Answer 12

• Lightheadedness
• Dizziness
• Dyspnea
• Moist, pale skin
• weakness
• Bradycardia or tachycardia
• Chest Pain
• swelling of extremeties
• Prolonged coughin
• muscular twitching
• Altered mental status
• Syncope
• Once interference is terminated symptoms usually subside
  *

Question 13

What are the signs and symptoms of ICD malfunction?

Answer 13

• Inappropriate defibrillation
• Twitching
• Biting
• Sudden movements

Question 14

What are the treatments for Pacemaker or ICD malfunction?

Answer 14

• Turn off interference
• Assess level of consciousness
• Conscious: montior VS, pulse and Contact EMS
• Unconscious: treat for syncope, monitor vs, contact EMS