Adrenal Glands Exam 3 Flashcards
1
Q
What is adrenal Glands?
A
- Endocrine Glands
- on top of kidney
- has a medulla and cortex
2
Q
What does the medulla produce:
A
Epinephrine and nonrepinephrine
3
Q
Adrenal Glands produces what?
A
- Cortex produces cortisone and aldosterone
4
Q
What does aldosterone regulates?
A
Salt and water levels
5
Q
What are the two categories for adrenal insufficiency?
A
Primary or Addisons disease
Secondary
6
Q
What is primary adrenal insufficiency ?
A
- Destruction of adrenal cortex
- more women than men
7
Q
What is secondary adrenal insufficiency ?
A
- Insufficient ACTH to stimulate cortex
- Found in individuals on steroid therapy
- Found in individals with pituitary or hypothalamus disease
8
Q
What is Adrenal Crisis?
A
- Body severly lacking cortisol due to
1. Individual not yet diagnosed
2. Patient with adrenal insufficiency in a stressful situation and requires additional cortisol
3. Illness or infections
9
Q
What are the signs and symptoms of adrenal crisis?
A
Abdominal pain
Hypotension
Diaphoresis- sweating
Dehydration
Somnolence- excess sleepiness
sunken eyes
10
Q
What are the treatment of adrenal crisis
A
- contact EMS
- Stabilize until EMS arrives
- Maintain airway
- Monitor vital signs
- Oxygen
11
Q
Adrenal crisis can occur?
A
can occur up to 1-2 years after patient
is removed from exogenous corticosteroids
12
Q
What is the rule of two for Adrenal crisis?
A
- More than 20 mg cortisone (or equivalent) for two weeks within two years of dental treatment at risk for adrenal suppression
