Lecture 4

Question 1

What 11 gases make up air?

Answer 1

Nitrogen
Oxygen
Water
Argon
Carbon dioxide 
Neon
Helium
Methane
Hydrogen
Nitrous oxide 
Ozone

Question 2

Name five greenhouse gasses.

Answer 2

Water
Carbon dioxide
Nitrogen oxide
Methane
Ozone

Question 3

Air ______ varies but mass stays the same.

Answer 3

Composition

Question 4

Volcano eruptions can increase the amount of ___________ in a region.

Answer 4

Greenhouse gases

Question 5

Methane is a ______ effective GHG than carbon dioxide.

Answer 5

More

Question 6

Ozone absorbs what form of radiation?

Answer 6

UV

Question 7

What human produced chemicals harm the ozone layer?

Answer 7

CFC’s and aerosols

Question 8

Aerosols can be described as:

Answer 8

Solid or liquid particles in the atmosphere other than water, they can be formed by sea spray, volcanoes, antropogenic (combustion). It is also called condensation nuclei

Question 9

Name 4 atmospheric layers in order from the surface.

Answer 9

Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere

Question 10

What is the atmosphere?

Answer 10

Matter and energy being exchanged through different processes.

Question 11

Name the three atmospheric boundaries.

Answer 11

Tropopause, stratopause, mesopause.

Question 12

What defines a atmospheric boundary?

Answer 12

Drastic temperature inversion.

Question 13

Why do clouds generally have an anvil top?

Answer 13

They have hit the tropopause and the temperature inversion stops further ascension.

Question 14

What atmospheric layer is the jet stream in?

Answer 14

Stratosphere.

Question 15

What atmospheric layer does most weather occur in?

Answer 15

Troposphere.

Question 16

What atmospheric layer does most ozone reside in?

Answer 16

Stratosphere.

Question 17

Define Insolation.

Answer 17

The exposure of the Suns radiation. The amount of rays reaching a given area and the angle they hit at.

Question 18

Where does the highest amount of Insolation occur?

Answer 18

The equator.

Question 19

Define Energy.

Answer 19

The capacity to do work.

Question 20

Define Matter.

Answer 20

The material that constructs everything in the earth and the universe.

Question 21

Name the two most common forms of energy.

Answer 21

Kinetic and potential.

Question 22

Kinetic energy is _______ energy.

Answer 22

Motion.

Question 23

What is potential energy?

Answer 23

The possible energy of something, how much it can possibly do.

Question 24

Chemical energy is the result of what?

Answer 24

Chemical reactions.

Question 25

Atomic energy is what?

Answer 25

Nuclear energy.

Question 26

Electrical energy is created by…

Answer 26

A charge between two objects.

Question 27

Energy and matter cannot be…..

Answer 27

Created or destroyed only transferred.

Question 28

Define Heat Capacity.

Answer 28

The amount of heat energy absorbed by a substance associated to its corresponding temperature increase.

Question 29

Define Specific Heat.

Answer 29

The amount of heat required to raise 1g of a substance 1 degC

Question 30

Define Sensible Heat.

Answer 30

Heat that can be measured.

Question 31

Define Latent Heat.

Answer 31

Heat required to change state. Not measurable.

Question 32

Where does shortwave energy come from?

Answer 32

The sun.

Question 33

Describe the variables in this equation:

K* = (K + k) (1 - a)

Answer 33

K* = net shortwave radiation
K = direct shortwave radiation
k = diffused shortwave radiation.
a = albedo

Question 34

Longwave energy comes from the _____.

Answer 34

Earth.

Question 35

Identify the variables in this equation:

L* = (LD - LU)

Answer 35

L* = net longwave radiation
LD = atmospheric counter radiation
LU = longwave radiation lost

Question 36

What does Net Radiation refer to?

Answer 36

Balance of shortwave and longwave radiation.

Question 37

Define Flux.

Answer 37

Energy redirected in latent heat, sensible heat and surface heat.